Background: Global warming has compromised human health by increasing the incidence of infectious diseases. Scientific evidence is required to expand the knowledge of the association between meteorological factors and the incidence of infectious diseases. Our study focused on meteorological factors such as ambient temperature (AT), humidity, and scrub typhus incidence.Objective: We aimed to investigate the long-term effects of AT and relative humidity (RH) elevation on scrub typhus incidence in South Korea.Method: Meteorological variables were combined with scrub typhus cases reported from 2001 to 2019 in South Korea. A generalized additive model was used to explore the nonlinearity of the lagged association between meteorological variables and weekly scrub typhus incidence. To explore the long-term association between meteorological factors and scrub typhus incidence, the difference between annual mean AT or the annual number of heatwave days during 2001 to 2019 and those of the period 1971–2000 were linearly regressed on annual cumulative scrub typhus incidence.Results: Association between weekly scrub typhus incidence and mean temperature or relative humidity with 15 weeks lags showed V- or U- shaped relationship. Above the threshold temperature (14.9°C to 17.0°C), scrub typhus incidence increased by 1.85% (95% CI: 1.5, 2.2) per 0.1°C elevation in mean temperature with 15 weeks lags. Scrub typhus incidence increased by 3.7% (95% CI: 2.7%, 4.8%) and 2.5% (95% CI: 1.6%, 3.3%) per 0.1°C increase in annual mean temperature and per one day increase in heat wave days.Conclusion: Mean AT elevation and RH increase in summer were associated with an increased incidence of scrub typhus in the fall. Increases in annual mean AT and annual number of heatwave days were associated with an increase in the incidence rate during 2001–2019.