Seasonal differences in the CO2 exchange of a short-hydroperiod Florida Everglades marsh

Schedlbauer, Jessica L.; Oberbauer, Steven F.; Starr, Gregory; Jimenez, Kristine L.

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.03.005

Cited by 75 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Collectively, these results indicate that a redistribution of plant communities toward more open-water ecosystems (such as sparse sawgrass) could result in less C uptake and greater evaporative losses. Prior studies of C accumulation further support this generalization; for example, NEE rates were greater over mangrove systems (Barr et al, 2010(Barr et al, , 2012 than over sawgrass wetlands (Schedlbauer et al, 2010). Furthermore, previous ET studies (German, 2000) indicate that ET losses are greater over wetlands with sparse sawgrass and open-water conditions.…”

Section: Links Between C and Water Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…A comparison of our results with NEE from selected previous studies (Schedlbauer et al, 2010;Jimenez et al, 2012;Barr et al, 2010;Botkin et al, 1970;Jones et al, 2014) reveals substantial spatial and temporal heterogeneity in C uptake over geologic time and among different ecosystems (Table 6). Subtropical forested wetlands exchange more C than temperate forests (Botkin et al, 1970;Sjogersten et al, 2014).…”

Section: Comparison Of C Uptake With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For example, Jimenez et al (2012) and Schedlbauer et al (2010) indicate that additional deliveries of water into peat and marl sawgrass wetlands may diminish C accumulation within these wetlands. Eddy-covariance-derived estimates of net ecosystem productivity declined with increasing inundation during the wet season (Jimenez et al, 2012;Schedlbauer et al, 2010). These results were partially attributed to the amount of vegetation that, due to flooding, could not directly exchange carbon dioxide with the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon exchange between the atmosphere and subtropical forested cypress and pine wetlands

Shoemaker

Anderson

Barr³

et al. 2015

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Carbon dioxide exchange between the atmosphere and forested subtropical wetlands is largely unknown. Here we report a first step in characterizing this atmospheric–ecosystem carbon (C) exchange, for cypress strands and pine forests in the Greater Everglades of Florida as measured with eddy covariance methods at three locations (Cypress Swamp, Dwarf Cypress and Pine Upland) for 2 years. Links between water and C cycles are also examined at these three sites, as are methane emission measured only at the Dwarf Cypress site. Each forested wetland showed net C uptake from the atmosphere both monthly and annually, as indicated by the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO2). For this study, NEE is the difference between photosynthesis and respiration, with negative values representing uptake from the atmosphere that is retained in the ecosystem or transported laterally via overland flow (unmeasured for this study). Atmospheric C uptake (NEE) was greatest at the Cypress Swampp (−900 to −1000 g C m2 yr−1), moderate at the Pine Upland (−650 to −700 g C m2 yr−1) and least at the Dwarf Cypress (−400 to −450 g C m2 yr−1). Changes in NEE were clearly a function of seasonality in solar insolation, air temperature and flooding, which suppressed heterotrophic soil respiration. We also note that changes in the satellite-derived enhanced vegetation index (EVI) served as a useful surrogate for changes in NEE at these forested wetland sites.

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Section: Links Between C and Water Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Comparison Of C Uptake With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon exchange between the atmosphere and subtropical forested cypress and pine wetlands

Shoemaker

Anderson

Barr³

et al. 2015

Biogeosciences

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“…Observed soil temperature (T soil , 8C) was measured at 5 cm depths at two locations within each site using insulated thermocouples (Type-T, Omega Engineering, Stamford, CT). Observed VWC, T soil and CO 2 exchange rates (NEE, R eco , and GEE) were obtained from the eddy covariance tower sites at TS (TS-1b) (Schedlbauer et al 2010, Schedlbauer et al 2011, Jimenez et al 2012) and SRS (SRS-2) (Jimenez et al 2012). All observed data is available through AmeriFlux (http://ameriflux.…”

Section: Daycent Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased atmospheric CO 2 concentration should enhance ecosystem productivity (Nowak et al 2004, Ainsworth andLong 2005) by reducing nutrient limitations (Hocking and Meyer 1991, Drake and Gonzà lez-Meler 1997, Ainsworth and Long 2005 and photorespiration in C 3 species (Bowes 1993). Holding atmospheric CO 2 concentration constant, wetland ecosystem productivity and CO 2 exchange rates are driven largely by hydrology (Schedlbauer et al 2010), nutrient dynamics, light and temperature (Schedlbauer et al 2010). Precipitation drives hydrological patterns (e.g., water levels) and the onset and start of seasons (Malone et al 2014b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem resistance in the face of climate change: a case study from the freshwater marshes of the Florida Everglades

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Shaped by the hydrology of the Kissimmee-Okeechobee-Everglades watershed, the Florida Everglades is composed of a conglomerate of wetland ecosystems that have varying capacities to sequester and store carbon. Hydrology, which is a product of the region's precipitation and temperature patterns combined with water management policy, drives community composition and productivity. As shifts in both precipitation and air temperature are expected over the next 100 years as a consequence of climate change, CO 2 dynamics in the greater Everglades are expected to change. To reduce uncertainties associated with climate change and to explore how projected changes in atmospheric CO 2 concentration and climate can alter current CO 2 exchange rates in Everglades freshwater marsh ecosystems, we simulated fluxes of carbon among the atmosphere, vegetation, and soil using the DAYCENT model. We explored the effects of low, moderate, and high scenarios for atmospheric CO 2 (550, 850, and 950 ppm), mean annual air temperature (þ1, þ2.5, and þ4.28C) and precipitation (À2, þ7, and þ14%), as predicted by the IPCC for the year 2100 for the region, on CO 2 exchange rates in short-and long-hydroperiod wetland ecosystems. Under 100 years of current climate and atmospheric CO 2 concentration, Everglades freshwater marsh ecosystems were estimated to be CO 2 -neutral. As atmospheric CO 2 concentration increased and under climate change projections, there were slight shifts in the start and length of the wet season (À1 to þ7 days) and a small enhancement in the sink capacity (by À169 to À573 g C m À2 century À1 ) occurred at both short-and longhydroperiod ecosystems compared to CO 2 dynamics under the current climate regime. Over 100 years, rising temperatures increased net CO 2 exchange rates (þ1 to 13 g C m À2 century À1) and shifts in precipitation patterns altered cumulative net carbon uptake by þ13 to À46 g C m À2 century À1. While changes in ecosystem structure, species composition, and disturbance regimes were beyond the scope of this research, results do indicate that climate change will produce small changes in CO 2 dynamics in Everglades freshwater marsh ecosystems and suggest that the hydrologic regime and oligotrophic conditions of Everglades freshwater marshes lowers the ecosystem sensitivity to climate change.

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Seasonal patterns in energy partitioning of two freshwater marsh ecosystems in the Florida Everglades

Malone

Staudhammer

Loescher

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci.

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We analyzed energy partitioning in short-and long-hydroperiod freshwater marsh ecosystems in the Florida Everglades by examining energy balance components (eddy covariance derived latent energy (LE) and sensible heat (H) flux). The study period included several wet and dry seasons and variable water levels, allowing us to gain better mechanistic information about the control of and changes in marsh hydroperiods. The annual length of inundation is~5 months at the short-hydroperiod site (25°26′16.5″N, 80°35′40.68″W), whereas the long-hydroperiod site (25°33′6.72″N, 80°46′57.36″W) is inundated for~12 months annually due to differences in elevation and exposure to surface flow. In the Everglades, surface fluxes feed back to wet season precipitation and affect the magnitude of seasonal change in water levels through water loss as LE (evapotranspiration (ET)). At both sites, annual precipitation was higher than ET (1304 versus 1008 at the short-hydroperiod site and 1207 versus 1115 mm yr À1 at the long-hydroperiod site), though there were seasonal differences in the ratio of ET:precipitation. Results also show that energy balance closure was within the range found at other wetland sites (60 to 80%) and was lower when sites were inundated (60 to 70%). Patterns in energy partitioning covaried with hydroperiods and climate, suggesting that shifts in any of these components could disrupt current water and biogeochemical cycles throughout the Everglades region. These results suggest that the complex relationships between hydroperiods, energy exchange, and climate are important for creating conditions sufficient to maintain Everglades ecosystems.

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Seasonal differences in the CO2 exchange of a short-hydroperiod Florida Everglades marsh

Cited by 75 publications

References 45 publications

Carbon exchange between the atmosphere and subtropical forested cypress and pine wetlands

Carbon exchange between the atmosphere and subtropical forested cypress and pine wetlands

Ecosystem resistance in the face of climate change: a case study from the freshwater marshes of the Florida Everglades

Seasonal patterns in energy partitioning of two freshwater marsh ecosystems in the Florida Everglades

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