Seasonal Incidence of Major Insect Pests of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in Relation to Weather Parameters

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop grown worldwide after potato. Tomato has its origin in the South American Andes. Tomatoes contribute to a healthy, well-balanced diet. They are rich in minerals, vitamins, essential amino acids, sugars and dietary fibres. Tomato contains much vitamin B and C, iron and phosphorus. In India, tomato occupies an area of 808.5 thousand hectare with production of 19696.9 thousand metric tonnes and productivity of 24.4 metric tonnes per hectare (Horticulture Statistics Division, Department of Agriculture, Co-operation & Farmer's Welfare, 2016-17). Major tomato growing states in India are

Impact of IPM Modules on Natural Enemies in Okra

“…Chakraborty et al (2014) documented nine species of coccinellids that were associated with insect pests of okra. However, transverse ladybird Coccinella transversalis F, seven spotted ladybird Coccinella septempunctata L and C. sexmaculata were commonly observed (Potai and Chandrakar, 2018;Bhatt et al, 2018;Raghuwanshi et al, 2019;Das et al, 2021); and these results corroborate with the present findings. Pooled data revealed spider (F=119.69; df= 3, 24; p < 0.0001) and coccinellid (F= 338.03; df= 3, 24; p < 0.0001) counts and among the treatment modules there was a highly significant difference (Table 1); spiders remained more or less consistent throughout the crop duration, while coccinellids gradually increased from 25 DAS, reached peak at 65 DAS and again declined to its lowest at 85 DAS.…”