Seasonal influenza vaccination in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the determining factors

Abstract

Background/Objectives Despite influenza vaccination programs in various jurisdictions, seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) uptake remains suboptimal among older people (�65years old), an important subpopulation for influenza vaccination. We sought to summarize determinants of SIV uptake (any vaccine receipt) and vaccination adherence (receipt of vaccine in two or more seasons in sequence) among older people. Methods We searched for population-based studies conducted in community-dwelling older people (irrespective of their health status) from 2000-2019. Two reviewers independently selected publications for inclusion. One reviewer extracted data from the included studies; a second checked the extracted data for errors. Disagreements were resolved by discussion and consensus, or a third reviewer. We were interested in the determinants of SIV uptake and vaccination adherence. Where appropriate, we pooled adjusted results using the inverse variance, random-effects method and reported the odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Sociodemographic and health‐related determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the evidence since 2000

“…Secondly, if a study reported results for more than one comparison of the same determinant, for example, the 25-29, 30-34 and 35-39 years age groups compared with the 18-24 years age group, results from the three comparisons were first pooled using a fixed-effects model before being pooled with other results for comparison of older against younger age groups, using a random-effects model. 24,25 We assessed and quantified statistical heterogeneity between the included studies using the I-squared statistic (I 2 ). 38 Where appropriate, publication bias was assessed visually using funnel plots, and statistically using Egger's regression test.…”

“…A comprehensive search strategy was designed for Ovid MEDLINE by a health sciences librarian (CJN), based in part on the search strategy used in our previous similar publications (on older adults, PROSPERO registration: CRD42018086803) 24,25 . The search results were limited to publications in English since 2000.…”

“…A comprehensive search strategy was designed for Ovid MEDLINE by a health sciences librarian (CJN), based in part on the search strategy used in our previous similar publications (on older adults, PROSPERO registration: CRD42018086803). 24,25 The search results were limited to publications in English since 2000. This was because a publicly funded influenza vaccination program was first introduced towards the end of the 20th century; for example, in 1999 in Canada 26 and 1993 in the USA.…”

Intention to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccination in China: Application of the Diffusion of Innovations Theory and the Moderating Role of Openness to Experience

“…The reasons behind the decision to receive vaccinations varied. Studies investigating factors associated with uptake of vaccinations, such as influenza vaccinations, have demonstrated that vaccination uptake was influenced by a range of personal and interpersonal factors [ 7 , 8 ]. Current studies on factors related to willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 have also identified a number of demographics, cognitive and psychosocial factors of intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccination, including age, gender, education, having insurance, attitudes toward the vaccine, confidence in government information, perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, and perceived benefits and side effects of the vaccine [ 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Achieving Influenza Vaccine Uptake Target in Canada via a Pharmacy-Led Telephone Discussion during the 2019–2020 Season

“…Some older adults may also be fearful of adverse effects, real or perceived, associated with the influenza vaccine [ 35 ]. Population reviews found that patients who are part of a visible minority group have lower household income, poor physical activity, lack of access to healthcare resources, and better overall health were more likely to not receive an influenza vaccine [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. There is observational data demonstrating that having severe functional limitations (severe frailty) increases the risk of death by 13-fold but decreases the likelihood of influenza immunization [ 39 ].…”