Seasonal patterns of nitrate reductase and nitrogease activities in Arachis hypogaea

Sung, F. J. M.; Sun, Yi-hua

doi:10.1016/0378-4290(90)90004-u

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The present investigation found significantly increased nitrate reductase and urease activities at the flowering stage (Figure 1 and Figure S1-S12), suggesting that the growth stages of soybean also affected the nutrient dynamics in soil. Previous research found seasonal patterns of nitrate reductase and nitrogen fixation in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), that is, leaf nitrate reductase activity declined rapidly while N fixation activity of root nodules increased post-flowering (Sung & Sun, 1990), which was consistent with our findings. Nitrate is an important factor affecting symbiotic nitrogen fixation of leguminous crops.…”

Section: Effects Of Plant Growth Stage On the Nutrient Dynamics And M...supporting

confidence: 93%

The host niches of soybean rather than genetic modification or glyphosate application drive the assembly of root‐associated microbial communities

Yang

Luo

Song

et al. 2022

Microbial Biotechnology

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Plant roots significantly influence soil microbial diversity, and soil microorganisms play significant roles in both natural and agricultural ecosystems.Although the genetically modified (GM) crops with enhanced insect and herbicide resistance are thought to have unmatched yield and stress resistance advantages, thorough and in-depth case studies still need to be carried out in a real-world setting due to the potential effects of GM plants on soil microbial communities. In this study, three treatments were used: a recipient soybean variety Jack, a triple transgenic soybean line JD321, and the glyphosatetreated JD321 (JD321G). Three sampling stages (flowering, seed filling and maturing), as well as three host niches of soybean rhizosphere [intact roots (RT), rhizospheric soil (RS) and surrounding soil (SS)] were established. In comparison to Jack, the rhizospheric soil of JD321G had higher urease activity and lower nitrite reductase at the flowering stage. Different treatments and different sampling stages existed no significant effects on the compositions of microbial communities at different taxonomic levels. However, at the genus level, the relative abundance of three plant growth-promoting fungal genera (i.e. Mortierella, Chaetomium and Pseudombrophila) increased while endophytic bacteria Chryseobacterium and pathogenic bacteria Streptomyces decreased from the inside to the outside of the roots (i.e. RT → RS → SS).Moreover, two bacterial genera, Bradyrhizobium and Ensifer were more abundant in RT than in RS and SS, as well as three species, Agrobacterium radiobacter, Ensifer fredii and Ensifer meliloti, which are closely related to nitrogen-fixation. Furthermore, five clusters of orthologous groups (COGs) associated to nitrogen-fixation genes were higher in RT than in RS, whereas only one COG annotated as dinitrogenase iron-molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein was lower. Overall, the results imply that the rhizosphere host

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Section: Effects Of Plant Growth Stage On the Nutrient Dynamics And M...supporting

confidence: 93%

The host niches of soybean rather than genetic modification or glyphosate application drive the assembly of root‐associated microbial communities

Yang

Luo

Song

et al. 2022

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…NR is a key enzyme which adjusts the N assimilation and metabolism process, and is sensitive to changes in environmental conditions ( Kaiser and Huber, 1994 ). The reduction of NR activity in leaves of waterlogged plants is due to a rapid depletion of NO 3 - and oxygen under anaerobic conditions ( Sung and Sun, 1990 ; Hoff et al, 1992 ). As a result, volatilization and loss of NO 3 - are promoted through denitrification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Nitrogen Metabolism, Uptake and Translocation of Maize to Waterlogging at Different Growth Stages

et al. 2017

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We performed a field experiment using the maize hybrids DengHai605 (DH605) and ZhengDan958 (ZD958) to study nitrogen uptake and translocation, key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism in response to waterlogging at the third leaf stage (V3), the sixth leaf stage (V6), and the 10th day after the tasseling stage (10VT). Results showed that N accumulation amount was significantly reduced after waterlogging, most greatly in the V3 waterlogging treatment (V3-W), with decreases of 41 and 37% in DH605 and ZD958, respectively. N accumulation in each organ and N allocation proportions in grains decreased significantly after waterlogging, whereas N allocation proportions increased in stem and leaf. The reduction in stem and leaf N accumulation after waterlogging was mainly caused by a decrease in dry matter accumulation, and a reduction in N translocation from stems and leaves to grains after waterlogging. Additionally, waterlogging decreased the activity of key N metabolism enzymes (nitrate reductase, glutamine, glutamate synthase, and glutamate dehydrogenase), and the most significant reduction in V3-W with a decrease of 59, 46, 35, and 26% for DH605, and 60, 53, 31, and 25 for ZD958, respectively. Waterlogging disrupted N metabolism, hindered N absorption and transportation, and decreased maize yield.

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“…Reduction in nitrogenase specific activity as a function of Mo fertilization rate likely occurred due to an increase in nodule dry matter (Figures 1d and 2d). The reciprocal relationship of nitrate reduction and N fixation suggests that nitrogen fixation plays a crucial role in N assimilation during the post flowering stages of peanut plant development (Sung and Sun, 1990).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, Mo is part of the nitrogenase enzyme that is present in nodular bacteroids and is responsible for symbiotic fixation of atmospheric N 2 by rhizobia. Nitrate reductase is responsible for assimilation of the nitrate absorbed from the soil by the reduction of nitrate to nitrite (Sung and Sun, 1990;Chamber-Perez et al, 1997;Caires and Rosolem, 2000;Quaggio et al, 2004). Biological N 2 fixation requires that Mo and cobalt (Co) are present in the soil in sufficient levels, since these micronutrients are part of nitrogenase and leghemoglobin, respectively (Chamber-Perez et al, 1997;Caires and Rosolem, 2000;Quaggio et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biological N 2 fixation requires that Mo and cobalt (Co) are present in the soil in sufficient levels, since these micronutrients are part of nitrogenase and leghemoglobin, respectively (Chamber-Perez et al, 1997;Caires and Rosolem, 2000;Quaggio et al, 2004). Thus, Mo is an especially important part of biological N 2 fixation because it participates as a cofactor in the enzymes nitrogenase, nitrate reductase, and sulfide oxidase, and participates in electron transport during biochemical reactions of plants (Sung and Sun, 1990;Caires and Rosolem, 2000;Vieira et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rhizobial Inoculation and Molybdenum Fertilization in Peanut Crops Grown in a No Tillage System After 20 Years of Pasture

Crusciol

Neto

Mui

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Peanut (Arachis hypogea) is an important legume grain consumed by humans and utilized for effective nutrient cycling in a diverse cropping system. Areas that have been cultivated with perennial pasture for decades may have nutritional deficiencies and lack a sufficient population of atmospheric nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Molybdenum is an essential micronutrient that is part of the enzyme nitrogenase contained within symbiotic Bradyrhizobium bacteria, which are responsible for fixing nitrogen in legumes. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of application of Mo at different rates and a rhizobial inoculant on peanut growth characteristics. The experiment was conducted in the 2009/2010 growing season in a no-tillage cropping system following 20-year use as pasture [Urochloa brizantha (Syn. Brachiaria brizantha)]. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates. The main plots were characterized by peanut inoculation with Bradyrhizobium inoculant or without, and the split plots were characterized by different rates of molybdenum (0, 50, 100, and 200 g ha -1 ) applied to leaves in the form of ammonium molybdate. The nutritional status of plants, nodulation (number of nodules and nodule dry matter per plant), nitrogenase activity, and nitrogenase specific activity were evaluated at 45 and 64 days after emergence (DAE). The yield components and kernel yield were evaluated at the end of the growing season. Nitrogenase enzyme activity at 64 DAE approximately doubled, and the number of pods per plant was greater with inoculation than without, both of which led to greater yields of pods and kernels. In long-term pasture areas, inoculation and molybdenum fertilization greater than the currently recommended rate appear to be necessary to increase pod and kernel yield per hectare of peanut when managed under no-tillage.

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Seasonal patterns of nitrate reductase and nitrogease activities in Arachis hypogaea

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

The host niches of soybean rather than genetic modification or glyphosate application drive the assembly of root‐associated microbial communities

The host niches of soybean rather than genetic modification or glyphosate application drive the assembly of root‐associated microbial communities

Responses of Nitrogen Metabolism, Uptake and Translocation of Maize to Waterlogging at Different Growth Stages

Rhizobial Inoculation and Molybdenum Fertilization in Peanut Crops Grown in a No Tillage System After 20 Years of Pasture

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