Seasonal Trends in Clouds and Radiation over the Arctic Seas from Satellite Observations during 1982 to 2019

Wang, Xi; Liu, Jian; Yang, Banghua; Bao, Yuhai; Petropoulos, George P.; Liu, Hui; Hu, Bo

doi:10.3390/rs13163201

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…As cloud coverage can obscure leads at thermal infrared wavelengths, analysis of daily lead detections would be incomplete without analysis of changes in cloud coverage. Recent studies [29][30][31] have shown cloud coverage has been increasing over the Arctic. Our own analysis of the MODIS clear sky mask [32,33] over the winter seasons since 2002 in the Arctic is shown by year in Figure 3, by month in Figure 4, and quantitatively in Figure 5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 20-Year Climatology of Sea Ice Leads Detected in Infrared Satellite Imagery Using a Convolutional Neural Network

et al. 2022

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Sea ice leads, or fractures account for a small proportion of the Arctic Ocean surface area, but play a critical role in the energy and moisture exchanges between the ocean and atmosphere. As the sea ice area and volume in the Arctic has declined over the past few decades, changes in sea ice leads have not been studied as extensively. A recently developed approach uses artificial intelligence (AI) and satellite thermal infrared window data to build a twenty-year archive of sea ice lead detects with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and later, an archive from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The results are now available and show significant improvement over previously published methods. The AI method results have higher detection rates and a high level detection agreement between MODIS and VIIRS. Analysis over the winter season from 2002–2003 through to the 2021–2022 archive reveals lead detections have a small decreasing trend in lead area that can be attributed to increasing cloud cover in the Arctic. This work reveals that leads are becoming increasingly difficult to detect rather than less likely to occur. Although the trend is small and on the same order of magnitude as the uncertainty, leads are likely increasing at a rate of 3700 km2 per year with a range of uncertainty of 3500 km2 after the impact of cloud cover changes are removed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies [29][30][31] have shown cloud coverage has been increasing over the Arctic. Our own analysis of the MODIS clear sky mask [32,33] over the winter seasons since 2002 in the Arctic is shown by year in Figure 3, by month in Figure 4, and quantitatively in Figure 5.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A 20-Year Climatology of Sea Ice Leads Detected in Infrared Satellite Imagery Using a Convolutional Neural Network

et al. 2022

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“…As in models, the observed Arctic warming was shown to be strongest at the surface and primarily consistent with the concomitant sea-ice retreat. No significant evidence was found for a significant radiative impact of changes in cloud cover (despite a recent increase in Arctic cloudiness 27 ), but an increase in atmospheric water vapour content was reported and may have contributed to enhance the Arctic warming during summer and early autumn.…”

Section: Constraining and Attributing Recent Changes In Arctic Climatementioning

confidence: 91%

“…S10). Some CMIP6 models show a stronger than observed Arctic cloudiness 27 and is so close to 100% that it cannot increase across the 21 st century. This result highlights the need to further improve climate models and/or to constrain their projections with reliable observations.…”

Section: Constraining and Attributing Recent Changes In Arctic Climatementioning

confidence: 98%

Robust and perfectible constraints on human-induced Arctic amplification

Douville

2023

Preprint

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The Arctic near-surface warming is much faster than its global counterpart. Yet, this Arctic amplification occurs a rate that is season, model and forcing-dependent. The present study aims at using temperature observations and reanalyses to constrain the projections of Arctic climate during the November-to-March season. Results show that the recently observed four-fold warming ratio is not entirely due to a human influence, and will decrease with increasing radiative forcings. Global versus regional temperature observations lead to complementary constraints on the projections. When Arctic amplification is defined as the additional polar warming relative to global warming, model uncertainties are narrowed by more than 30% after constraint. Similar results are obtained for projected changes in the Arctic sea ice extent (40%) and when using sea ice observations to constrain the polar warming (37%), thereby confirming the key role of sea ice as a positive but model, season and time-dependent surface feedback.

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“…As a result, the Arctic has become a hot topic in studies on climate and environment (Graversen et al ., 2008; Serreze et al ., 2009; Bekryaev et al ., 2010; Serreze and Barry, 2011; IPCC, 2013; Cohen et al ., 2014, 2020; Shepherd, 2016; Moon et al ., 2021). Under Arctic warming, with cloud and precipitation increase (Vihma et al ., 2016; Box et al ., 2019; Wang et al ., 2021), the Arctic environment has remarkably changed. In fact, changes, such as accelerated sea ice shrinkage, tundra thaw and carbon release, and Greenland ice sheet decay and vegetation expansion, have been recorded (Box et al ., 2019; IPCC, 2019; Turetsky et al ., 2019; Moon et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface heat transfer changes over Arctic land and sea connected to Arctic warming

Kong

Han

Zhou

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Turbulent heat transfer from surface to atmosphere is important in the atmospheric energy balance over the Arctic, thereby impacting the remarkable warming that occurs in this region. The impact of heat transfer over the Arctic land and sea (approximate Arctic Ocean) on Arctic warming could be distinct, owing to different heat sources and physical processes on the interfaces. This study sought to analyse the heat transfer and changes over the Arctic land and sea and their contributions to those over the entire Arctic, and discuss the connection between the heat transfer changes and Arctic warming based on ERA5 reanalysis. The Arctic surface releases heat to the atmosphere, with an annual average of 4.5 × 10 14 W, which is mainly contributed by the Arctic land in summer and sea in winter. From 1979 to 2018, the amount of heat release was found to markedly increase, with an annual trend of 0.94 ± 0.31 W/(m 2 decade). A faster increase occurred in summer and was contributed by both the Arctic land and sea. In contrast, a slower increase occurred in winter and was only contributed by the sea. The heat transfer changed heterogeneously over the Arctic land and sea, with three major changes: Northern Russia Increase over northern Russia in summer, Northern Barents Increase over the northern Barents Sea in winter, and Nordic Sea Decrease over the Nordic Sea and northern Greenland Sea in winter. Notably, the heat transfer change over the Arctic land and sea could be connected to Arctic warming, especially the three major changes, based on distinct feedback processes, which could impact future Arctic warming. Overall, the Arctic land and sea play distinct roles in the heat transfer change and connection to Arctic warming, with the land being more important in summer and the sea being more important in winter.

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Seasonal Trends in Clouds and Radiation over the Arctic Seas from Satellite Observations during 1982 to 2019

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

A 20-Year Climatology of Sea Ice Leads Detected in Infrared Satellite Imagery Using a Convolutional Neural Network

A 20-Year Climatology of Sea Ice Leads Detected in Infrared Satellite Imagery Using a Convolutional Neural Network

Robust and perfectible constraints on human-induced Arctic amplification

Surface heat transfer changes over Arctic land and sea connected to Arctic warming

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