Seasonal variation of diurnal and semidiurnal rainfall over Southeast China

Huang, Wan‐Ru; Chan, Johnny C. L.

doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1236-5

Cited by 23 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Among these weather systems, convective afternoon rainfall (hereafter, CAR) is the most frequently observed pattern (Wang and Chen 2008). Because of its importance to local residents, the characteristics and causes of CAR have been examined in many studies (Chen et al 1991;Johnson and Bresch 1991;Kerns et al 2010;Lin et al 2011;Huang and Chan 2012;Wang et al 2013). Studies have noted that CAR generally occurs on a day associated with a stronger sea breeze circulation during the daytime (e.g., Lin et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer Convective Afternoon Rainfall Simulation and Projection Using WRF Driven by Global Climate Model. Part I: Over Taiwan

Huang¹,

Chang

Cheng

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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This paper is the first of a two-part study that investigates summer convective afternoon rainfall (CAR) activity over the East Asian continent through simulation and projection. We focus on the CAR activity over Taiwan in Part I. In Part II, the changes in CAR activity over South China and Luzon are examined. Using the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model driven by two super-high resolution global climate models: HiRAM (High Resolution Atmospheric Model) and MRI (Meteorological Research Institute Atmospheric General Circulation Model), this study evaluates the performance of models (HiRAM, MRI, and WRF) used to simulate the summer CAR activity over Taiwan. The evaluations focus on the spatialtemporal variations in CAR activity during two time periods: the present-day (1979 -2003, historical run) and the future (2075 -2099, RCP8.5 scenario). For the present-day simulations, analyses indicate that both HiRAM and MRI cannot accurately simulate the temporal evolution of diurnal rainfall. This timing shift problem can be fixed after dynamical downscaling using WRF. The WRF dynamical downscaling approach also helps generate a more realistic CAR amount simulation over western Taiwan, where most residents live. In future projections all models predict that a significant decrease in CAR amount will occur over southwest Taiwan. This decrease in CAR amount is suggested due to the decrease in CAR frequency, not a change in the CAR rate. All models suggest that the cause of decrease in CAR frequency over southwest Taiwan is weaker local afternoon surface wind convergence and thermal instability to suppress CAR genesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer Convective Afternoon Rainfall Simulation and Projection Using WRF Driven by Global Climate Model. Part I: Over Taiwan

Huang¹,

Chang

Cheng

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…The TRMM 3B42 dataset provides rain rate beginning in 1998 at the spatial resolution of 0.25° longitude × 0.25° latitude. TRMM has been widely used for the depiction of diurnal rainfall over East Asia (Hong et al 2005;Zhou et al 2008;Huang and Chan 2012;Huang and Wang 2014). Other meteorological variables (including wind fields, humidity, etc.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the East Asian continent, the complex local circulations involving land-sea breezes and mountain-valley 1 3 winds cause regional differences in diurnal rainfall variations (e.g., Zhao et al 2005;Yu et al 2007a, b;Kikuchi and Wang 2008;Zhou et al 2008;Huang and Chan 2012;Huang et al 2013;Hsu et al 2014). Observational studies have noted that diurnal rainfall occurring west of 110°E peaks in the midnight or early morning (Asai et al 1998;Wang et al 2004;Yu et al 2007a, b;Li et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There, the East Asian jet stream drives the diurnal convection initiated east of the Tibetan Plateau to propagate eastward (Wang et al 2004). In contrast, the afternoon rainfall peak over the southeast China is mainly induced by the diurnal variation of low-level atmospheric instability associated with solar heating (Huang and Chan 2012). Meanwhile, the afternoon sea breeze over the mountains in southern China results in low-level convergence of water vapor fluxes to support the formation of afternoon convection (e.g., Yu et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Future changes in propagating and non-propagating diurnal rainfall over East Asia

Huang

Wang

2016

Clim Dyn

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“…During summer (June, July, and August, or JJA), the precipitation over the East Asian region exhibits a clear seasonal variation and also shows conspicuous diurnal variability (Zhao et al 2005;Dai et al 2007;Yu et al 2007a, b;Kikuchi and Wang 2008;Zhou et al 2008;Chen et al 2009;Huang and Chan 2012;Huang and Wang 2014;. Many studies examining the observational data have noted that the summer continental diurnal rainfall generally peaks in the late afternoon (Ramage 1952;Yin et al 2009;Huang et al 2010;Huang and Chan 2011), while the oceanic diurnal convection tends to reach its maximum in the early morning (Kraus 1963;Andersson 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer Convective Afternoon Rainfall Simulation and Projection Using WRF Driven by Global Climate Model. Part II: Over South China and Luzon

Huang¹,

Chang

Hsu

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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This study is the second of a two-part investigation into summer convective afternoon rainfall (CAR) simulation and projection over the East Asian continents. In Part I, we examined the CAR activity over Taiwan. In this study we focus on CAR activity over South China and Luzon using the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model) driven by HiRAM (High Resolution Atmospheric Model) (i.e., WRF-HiRAM). These examinations focus on two time-sliced simulations assuming the climate conditions at present (1979 -2003, historical run) and at the end of the 21 st century (2075 -2099, RCP 8.5 scenario). The results show that WRF-HiRAM is capable of simulating the spatial-temporal variation in CAR activity over South China and Luzon close to the recorded observations. In the future projections, WRF-HiRAM predicts that CAR events over most of South China and eastern Luzon will become fewer but stronger. Conversely, CAR events over western Luzon will become more frequent and stronger. Analyses also indicate that the projected change in CAR amount over most of South China (except for the coastal regions) and Luzon will be dominated by the change in CAR rate, not the change in CAR frequency. As for the cause of change in CAR rate, WRF-HiRAM projects that atmospheric humidity over South China and Luzon will increase significantly in the future. This will lead to an increase in local CAR rate. In contrast, the projected change in CAR frequency over South China and Luzon is suggested to be greatly modulated by the change in daytime surface wind convergence and thermal instability. Examinations were also performed to document the characteristics and causes of the projected change in CAR activity extracted from HiRAM.

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Seasonal variation of diurnal and semidiurnal rainfall over Southeast China

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Summer Convective Afternoon Rainfall Simulation and Projection Using WRF Driven by Global Climate Model. Part I: Over Taiwan

Summer Convective Afternoon Rainfall Simulation and Projection Using WRF Driven by Global Climate Model. Part I: Over Taiwan

Future changes in propagating and non-propagating diurnal rainfall over East Asia

Summer Convective Afternoon Rainfall Simulation and Projection Using WRF Driven by Global Climate Model. Part II: Over South China and Luzon

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