Second harmonic imaging: a new tune for an old fiddle?

Monaghan, Mark

doi:10.1136/heart.83.2.131

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…4, 2005 Chareonthaitawee et al August 16, 2005:567-74 Revascularization in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy oration (biphasic response), indicates viability and ischemia and predicts functional recovery (28). When conventional echocardiographic imaging does not provide adequate images, both harmonic imaging (29) and intravenous blood pool contrast (30) can improve endocardial definition. Although widely available and less technically complex, echocardiography is limited by its qualitative assessment, with high interobserver and intercenter variation, and inadequate acoustic windows in a substantial number of patients, even with harmonic imaging and contrast (24).…”

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confidence: 95%

Revascularization in Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Chareonthaitawee¹,

Gersh²,

Araoz

et al. 2005

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

128

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Revascularization is a treatment option for moderate-to-severe ischemic cardiomyopathy. Limitations of the current literature, lack of completed randomized trials, and higher periprocedural risks create significant uncertainty about the optimal treatment strategy. This review focuses on the available literature describing the effect of revascularization on outcome and the role of noninvasive viability testing. It attempts to identify a subset of patients likely to benefit from therapy.

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confidence: 95%

Revascularization in Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Chareonthaitawee¹,

Gersh²,

Araoz

et al. 2005

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

128

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“…More recently, technological advances, especially improvements in probe technology and the introduction of harmonic imaging and digital processing/storage, have significantly ameliorated TTE image quality. Echocardiography using harmonic imaging is based on the principle of receiving double the transmitted ultrasound frequency (fundamental and harmonic signals) separating out the two components and processing the harmonic signal alone; this technique results in improved image resolution 21–23 . The transition from analog signal processing and storage on video tape to digital processing and storage may have had a further impact on TTE accuracy.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Potential Impact of Contemporary Transthoracic Echocardiography on the Management of Patients with Native Valve Endocarditis: A Comparison with Transesophageal Echocardiography

et al. 2009

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“…The number of harmonic echoes increases at deeper tissue levels, which allows better definition of cardiac structures. THI has been shown to improve tissue definition on routine echocardiography, with particular benefits in tissue characterization, 5 and as a result has become widely utilized 6 …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, there are limitations to the use of harmonic imaging. The returning harmonic signals generated by the tissue are of a higher frequency and may not be receivable when generated from extreme tissue depth 6 . Additionally, the processing required to capture and enhance the harmonic waves can cause the images generated in the far field to appear thicker.…”

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confidence: 99%