Second-order seasonal variability in diel vertical migration timing of euphausiids in a coastal inlet

Sato, Mei; Dower, John F.; Kunze, Eric; Dewey, Richard

doi:10.3354/meps10215

Cited by 33 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…Resident euphausiid populations exhibit diel vertical migration (Sato et al, 2013), and their schooling behavior might generate turbulence (Huntley and Zhou, 2004;Kunze et al, 2006). Yearround dominance of euphausiids in Saanich Inlet is documented in previous studies through optical images (Jaffe et al, 1998), visual observations (Mackie and Mills, 1983), and net samplings (De Robertis, 2001;Sato et al, 2013).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Yearround dominance of euphausiids in Saanich Inlet is documented in previous studies through optical images (Jaffe et al, 1998), visual observations (Mackie and Mills, 1983), and net samplings (De Robertis, 2001;Sato et al, 2013). Euphausia pacifica is the most abundant euphausiid species throughout the year, constituting 77-100% of all euphausiids (Bary et al, 1962;Pieper, 1971;De Robertis, 2001).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 98%

“…1a, b) since 2006, collecting time-series of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, acoustic backscatter, digital images of benthic communities, and sediment flux. Using these properties, behavioral responses of benthic communities to varying oxygen levels (Matabos et al, 2011;Dinning and Metaxas, 2013), variability in diel vertical migration of zooplankton (Sato et al, 2013), the effect of sediment resuspension by fish (Yahel et al, 2008;Katz et al, 2012), and dinoflagellate cyst flux (Price and Pospelova, 2011) have been studied. With an expected 20-year deployment of the VENUS cabled observatory (Tunnicliffe et al, 2003), quantification of the physical characteristics of the inlet is essential for understanding biological variability observed through the VENUS time-series.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Turbulence and internal waves in Patricia Bay, Saanich Inlet, British Columbia

Sato

Klymak

Kunze

et al. 2014

Continental Shelf Research

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Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Turbulence and internal waves in Patricia Bay, Saanich Inlet, British Columbia

Sato

Klymak

Kunze

et al. 2014

Continental Shelf Research

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“…The constant frequency res ponse throughout the day and coherent movement of these layers support the conclusion that species composition within each layer type remained the same between day and night despite the lack of trawl information at night. Since the dominant animals found in daytime DSLs are known to conduct nocturnal migrations towards the epi pelagic layers to feed, they could function as vehicles for energy transport between primary production found near the surface and higher trophic levels found at depth (Benoit-Bird & Au 2004, Sato et al 2013, Cohen & Forward 2016. It is, however, possible that organisms larger than those captured by the trawl were the primary constituents of the DSLs observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability of deep scattering layers shapes the Bahamian mesopelagic ecosystem

Sato¹,

Benoit‐Bird²

2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Deep scattering layers (DSLs) play an important role in pelagic food webs, serving as a vehicle for transferring energy between productive surface waters and the deep sea. We explored the spatial dynamics of DSLs off the Bahamas in shaping oligotrophic ecosystems. We compared 2 areas known to be important foraging habitats for a deep-diving predator, Blainville's beaked whales: the Tongue of the Ocean (TOTO), an oceanographically isolated habitat, and the waters off Abaco Island, an oceanographically connected habitat. Using ship-based multifrequency echosounders and direct net sampling, we identified common layer structures characterized by diffuse, broad layers (>100 m in thickness) observed across the study areas. Within those diffuse layers, we occasionally observed distinctively bounded intense layers (~20 m in thickness) located at the upper edges of the DSLs. We found that spatial variability of layer structures shaped the Bahamian ecosystem. By comparing common layer types across the sampling locations, 2 potential mechanisms were identified. The area off Abaco Island was characterized by diffuse layers comprised of larger animals with greater migration distance and biomass than the habitat in TOTO, suggesting that Abaco may transfer more energy between energy-rich surface waters and the deep sea. Within TOTO, habitat most frequently used by beaked whales was characterized by the highest occurrence of intense layers dominated by thinner layers, suggesting such fine-scale structures may increase foraging efficiency by layer predators. Spatial variability of the DSL structures reveals the dynamics of the Bahamian mesopelagic ecosystem, potentially driving the beaked whales through bottom-up control of their prey.

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“…Indeed, important differences in timing and depth range of diel vertical migration (DVM) among seasons or under different oceanographic regimes (upwelling/downwelling) have been reported for Euphausiid species from different areas (Gaten et al, 2008;Taki, 2008;Tremblay et al, 2010;Sato et al, 2013;Werner and Buchholz, 2013;Haraldsson and Siegel, 2014). Hence we presume that, next to water depth, other factors related to season and photoperiod will affect Euphausiid respiration on a global scale and most likely at the species level, too.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Euphausiid respiration model revamped: Latitudinal and seasonal shaping effects on krill respiration rates

Tremblay¹,

Werner²,

Huenerlage³

et al. 2014

Ecological Modelling

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a b s t r a c tEuphausiids constitute a major biomass component in shelf ecosystems and play a fundamental role in the rapid vertical transport of carbon from the ocean surface to the deeper layers during their daily vertical migration (DVM). DVM depth and migration patterns depend on oceanographic conditions with respect to temperature, light and oxygen availability at depth, factors that are highly dependent on season in most marine regions. Here we introduce a global krill respiration ANN (artificial neural network) model including the effect of latitude (LAT), the day of the year (DoY), and the number of daylight hours (DLh), in addition to the basal variables that determine ectothermal oxygen consumption (temperature, body mass and depth). The newly implemented parameters link space and time in terms of season and photoperiod to krill respiration. The ANN model showed a better fit (r 2 = 0.780) when DLh and LAT were included, indicating a decrease in respiration with increasing LAT and decreasing DLh. We therefore propose DLh as a potential variable to consider when building physiological models for both hemispheres. For single Euphausiid species investigated in a large range of DLh and DoY, we also tested the standard respiration rate for seasonality with Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and General Additive model (GAM). GAM successfully integrated DLh (r 2 = 0.563) and DoY (r 2 = 0.572) effects on respiration rates of the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, yielding the minimum metabolic activity in mid-June and the maximum at the end of December. We could not detect DLh or DoY effects in the North Pacific krill Euphausia pacifica, and our findings for the North Atlantic krill Meganyctiphanes norvegica remained inconclusive because of insufficient seasonal data coverage. We strongly encourage comparative respiration measurements of worldwide Euphausiid key species at different seasons to improve accuracy in ecosystem modeling.

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Second-order seasonal variability in diel vertical migration timing of euphausiids in a coastal inlet

Cited by 33 publications

References 74 publications

Turbulence and internal waves in Patricia Bay, Saanich Inlet, British Columbia

Turbulence and internal waves in Patricia Bay, Saanich Inlet, British Columbia

Spatial variability of deep scattering layers shapes the Bahamian mesopelagic ecosystem

Euphausiid respiration model revamped: Latitudinal and seasonal shaping effects on krill respiration rates

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