Secondary Forms of Hypertension in Children

Dillon, Michael J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-797-0_9

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In this study of neonatal systemic hypertension, the incidence in this NICU population was 1.3% as defined by a systolic blood pressure greater than the 95th percentile. This is consistent with other studies in which the incidence of neonatal systemic hypertension ranges from 0.2% to 3% [4,5,15,27]. However, this is the first study to consider antenatal as well as postnatal risk factors with the development of neonatal hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Some infants are at increased risk of hypertension as a consequence of their neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experience. Another frequent cause of hypertension in infants is renal vascular or parenchymal disease [5,6]. The incidence of neonatal hypertension due to congenital renal abnormalities such as polycystic kidney disease [7,8] or other congenital anomalies [9,10] is more common than is acquired parenchymal renal disease [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of neonatal hypertension due to congenital renal abnormalities such as polycystic kidney disease [7,8] or other congenital anomalies [9,10] is more common than is acquired parenchymal renal disease [11]. Neonatal hypertension has also been found in association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia [12,13]; coarctation of the thoracic aorta [5]; medications; endocrinological disorders such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia [14], hyperaldosteronism [15] and hyperthyroidism [16]; or neoplastic disorders such as neuroblastoma or Wilm's tumours [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antenatal and postnatal risk factors for neonatal hypertension and infant follow-up

et al. 2007

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Neonatal hypertension is an uncommon but important complication of intensive care management. The aims of this study were to identify in neonates with hypertension: antenatal and postnatal risk factors; aldosterone and renin levels; and report on outcome in early infancy. The study involved a retrospective review of neonates diagnosed with systemic hypertension from January 2001 to December 2005. Demographic data, risk factors, laboratory investigation, and follow-up data at 3-6 months of age were collected. Of the 2,572 newborn infants included, 34 (1.3%) had neonatal hypertension. Gestational age and birth weight and length were significantly lower in infants with hypertension. The median postnatal age at diagnosis of systemic hypertension was 5.0 days. Antenatal steroid administration, maternal hypertension, umbilical arterial catheter, postnatal acute renal failure, patent ductus arteriosus, indomethacin treatment and chronic lung disease were associated with the development of neonatal hypertension [odds ratios (OR) 8.7, 3.8, 10.0, 51.8, 5.9, 5.7 and 7.7, respectively]. Elevated aldosterone and renin levels occurred in 60% and 33% but had normalised in the majority by 6 months of age. The majority of infants do not require treatment for hypertension by 6 months of age.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antenatal and postnatal risk factors for neonatal hypertension and infant follow-up

et al. 2007

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“…A careful selection of the necessary test often shortens the diagnostic process (Box 9), but a detailed description of the selection process is beyond the scope of this guide [173,174].…”

Section: Screening Of Secondary Forms Of Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents: recommendations of the European Society of Hypertension

Lurbe

Cífková

Cruickshank

et al. 2009

Journal of Hypertension

676

611

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Hypertension in children and adolescents has gained ground in cardiovascular medicine, thanks to the progress made in several areas of pathophysiological and clinical research. These guidelines represent a consensus among specialists involved in the detection and control of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. The guidelines synthesize a considerable amount of scientific data and clinical experience and represent best clinical wisdom upon which physicians, nurses and families should base their decisions. They call attention to the burden of hypertension in children and adolescents, and its contribution to the current epidemic of cardiovascular disease, these guidelines should encourage public policy makers, to develop a global effort to improve identification and treatment of high blood pressure among children and adolescents.

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“…8 Most cases of neonatal HTN are of renal origin, which includes mainly renovascular and renal parenchymal diseases. 9,10 Umbilical artery catheter (UAC)-associated thromboembolism affecting the aorta and the renal arteries is the most common renovascular cause observed in the NICU. This was first described by Neal et al in 1972.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal hypertension – a long-term pilot follow-up study

Chaudhari¹,

Falk²,

Jyoti³

et al. 2013

RRN

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Background: Neonatal hypertension occurs in up to 3% of neonates, more commonly in those admitted to neonatal intensive care. The aims of this study were to review renal function and renal volumes in children who had a history of neonatal hypertension. Methods: Children with a history of neonatal hypertension from January 2001 to December 2008 were included in the study during 2011. Blood pressure, weight, height, and body mass index were recorded. Renal ultrasound with 3D volume, urine for electrolytes, albumin, β2 microglobulin, and blood for electrolytes, urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphate, renin, and aldosterone were collected depending on parental consent. Results: Of the 41 neonates with neonatal hypertension, eleven (27%) were included in the study (six died; 24 moved interstate or declined involvement). One child (9%) was still on antihypertensive medication and one was found to be hypertensive on review. This child had small volume kidneys and albuminuria. Three out of nine renal volume measurements were low (33%) and two out of eleven had renal scarring (18%). The six available renin/aldosterone results were normal. Conclusion: This study suggests there are long-term renal and blood pressure implications for neonates with hypertension and ongoing surveillance of blood pressure and renal function should be performed throughout childhood and into early adulthood.

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Secondary Forms of Hypertension in Children

Cited by 7 publications

References 98 publications

Antenatal and postnatal risk factors for neonatal hypertension and infant follow-up

Antenatal and postnatal risk factors for neonatal hypertension and infant follow-up

Management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents: recommendations of the European Society of Hypertension

Neonatal hypertension – a long-term pilot follow-up study

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Secondary Forms of Hypertension in Children

Cited by 7 publications

References 98 publications

Antenatal and postnatal risk factors for neonatal hypertension and infant follow-up

Antenatal and postnatal risk factors for neonatal hypertension and infant follow-up

Management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents: recommendations of the European Society of Hypertension

Neonatal hypertension &ndash; a long-term pilot follow-up study

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Neonatal hypertension – a long-term pilot follow-up study