Secondary Leukemia After Chemotherapy and/or Radiotherapy for Gynecologic Neoplasia

Shimada, Takako; Saito, Toshiaki; Okadome, Masao; Shimamoto, Kumi; Ariyoshi, Kazuya; Eto, Takako; Tomita, Yui; Kodama, Kazuhisa

doi:10.1097/igc.0000000000000045

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…1202 Cisplatin and carboplatin have been widely associated with therapy-related leukemia. 1203,1204 In contrast, for oxaliplatin, an etiological role in secondary hematological diseases has been suggested only in several case reports. 1189 In 2002, two cases of cisplatin-and carboplatin therapy-associated APL, a subtype of AML, have been observed.…”

Section: Secondary Immune-related Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response

et al. 2018

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The immune system deploys a multitude of innate and adaptive mechanisms not only to ward off pathogens but also to prevent malignant transformation ("immune surveillance"). Hence, a clinically apparent tumor already reflects selection for those malignant cell clones capable of evading immune recognition ("immune evasion"). Metal drugs, besides their well-investigated cytotoxic anticancer effects, massively interact with the cancer-immune interface and can reverse important aspects of immune evasion. This topic has recently gained intense attention based on combination approaches with anticancer immunotherapy (e.g., immune checkpoint inhibitors), a strategy recently delivering first exciting results in clinical settings. This review summarizes the promising but still extremely fragmentary knowledge on the interplay of metal drugs with the fidelity of anticancer immune responses but also their role in adverse effects. It highlights that, at least in some cases, metal drugs can induce long-lasting anticancer immune responses. Important steps in this process comprise altered visibility and susceptibility of cancer cells toward innate and adaptive immunity, as well as direct impacts on immune cell populations and the tumor microenvironment. On the basis of the gathered information, we suggest initiating joint multidisciplinary programs to implement comprehensive immune analyses into strategies to develop novel and smart anticancer metal compounds.

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Section: Secondary Immune-related Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response

et al. 2018

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“…The side effects of high-dose radiotherapy on normal cells are evident. [15] Chemotherapy has similar side effects and drug resistance possibilities. [16] Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is one of the most used methods in the treatment of leukemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Efficacy of Malachite Green-Based Photodynamic Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

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Aslan

et al. 2023

Journal of Contemporary Medicine

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Aim: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease characterized by relapse and treatment resistance in most patients. Therefore, there is a need for targeted therapies in AML. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising alternative for the treatment of malignant tumors. Also, PDT has the potential to be used individually or complementally in the treatment of leukemia. In this study, it was aimed to investigate possible the effect of malachite green (MG)-based PDT on acute myeloid leukemia cells. Materials and Methods: Cells were incubated with 0.19, 0.39, 0.78,1.56, 3.125, and 6.25 µM MG for one hour and irradiated with 46.4 J/cm2 of light. The trypan blue test was used to assess the viability of cells, and the change in mitochondrial activity was determined by MTT. Morphological features were determined by Giemsa staining and scanning electron microscopy. Cell cycle and Annexin V/PI assays (measuring fluorescence emitted by staining reagents) were measured by flow cytometry. Results: With the combination of MG and light, HL60 cell viability was found to be significantly reduced compared to the control group. Giemsa staining and SEM results showed that 3.125 μM MG-based PDT induced various morphological changes in cells typical for apoptosis. Late apoptosis was observed in cells treated with 3.125 μM MG combined PDT according to Annexin/PI staining, further showing that it caused an arrest in the subG1 phase of the cell cycle. Conclusion: MG-based PDT has the potential to inactivate HL60 cells. Thus, MG-based PDT may ensure a promising approach for treating acute myeloid leukemia cells.

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“…A study on patients with gynecologic malignancies treated in the past 20 years found that there is only 0.38% chance of leukemia development in these patients. However, this percent is not specific to radiotherapy and it involves leukemias developed secondary to chemotherapy, as well [95]. Another study examined patients with invasive tumors of the vulva, cervix, uterus, anus, and rectosigmoid treated with radiotherapy and found that not only the risk of developing leukemia is 72% higher in these patients, but also "the risk of secondary leukemia peaks at 5 to 10 years after primary treatment and remains elevated even 10 to 15 years after initial treatment" [96].…”

Section: Ionizing Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan as possible inhibitory agents and delivery systems in leukemia

et al. 2021

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Leukemia is a lethal cancer in which white blood cells undergo proliferation and immature white blood cells are seen in the bloodstream. Without diagnosis and management in early stages, this type of cancer can be fatal. Changes in protooncogenic genes and microRNA genes are the most important factors involved in development of leukemia. At present, leukemia risk factors are not accurately identified, but some studies have pointed out factors that predispose to leukemia. Studies show that in the absence of genetic risk factors, leukemia can be prevented by reducing the exposure to risk factors of leukemia, including smoking, exposure to benzene compounds and high-dose radioactive or ionizing radiation. One of the most important treatments for leukemia is chemotherapy which has devastating side effects. Chemotherapy and medications used during treatment do not have a specific effect and destroy healthy cells besides leukemia cells. Despite the suppressing effect of chemotherapy against leukemia, patients undergoing chemotherapy have poor quality of life. So today, researchers are focusing on finding more safe and effective natural compounds and treatments for cancer, especially leukemia. Chitosan is a valuable natural compound that is biocompatible and non-toxic to healthy cells. Anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant effects are examples of chitosan biopolymer properties. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of this compound in medical treatments and the pharmaceutical industry. In this article, we take a look at the latest advances in the use of chitosan in the treatment and improvement of leukemia.

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Secondary Leukemia After Chemotherapy and/or Radiotherapy for Gynecologic Neoplasia

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response

Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response

Therapeutic Efficacy of Malachite Green-Based Photodynamic Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Chitosan as possible inhibitory agents and delivery systems in leukemia

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