Secreted glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as a broad spectrum vaccine candidate against microbial infection in aquaculture

Abstract

Aims: Subcellullar localizations and cross‐immunities of GAPDHs from six common pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture were investigated. Methods and Results: Subcellullar localizations of GAPDHs of Edwardsiella tarda EIB202, Edwardsiella ictaluri ATCC33202, Aeromonas hydrophila LSA34, Vibrio anguillarum MVM425, Vibrio alginolyticus EPGS020401 and Vibrio harveyi VIB647 were analysed with Western blotting, indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry examinations. Immunoprotections of different recombinant GAPDHs against these pathogens were investigated with zebrafish model. Western blotting of subcellular extractions showed that all GAPDHs were secreted into extracellular medium and periplasmic space. In addition, GAPDHs were demonstrated to distribute in the outer membranes except MVM425 and VIB647. And, GAPDHs were confirmed to be present on the surface of these bacteria with indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry examinations. The remarkable cross‐protective immunities of these recombinant GAPDHs were induced in zebrafish, and the relative protective survivals were almost over 60%. Conclusions: Localizations of GAPDHs from these pathogenic bacteria were similar to many other causative agents. And, GAPDHs could be important protective antigens and give remarkable cross‐immunity against different pathogens. Significance and Impact of the Study: Recombinant GAPDH could be designed as a broad spectrum vaccine candidate against multiple microbial infections in aquaculture.

Integrated pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics parameters-based dosing guidelines of enrofloxacin in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella to minimize selection of drug resistance

“…Despite the severe economic loss, no vaccination against A. hydrophila infection has been commercially applied in China [6]. The main reason for the lack of commercial vaccines might be the existence of antigenic heterogeneity of various A. hydrophila strains in the field.…”

Evaluating the protective efficacy of antigen combinations against Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida infections in cobia, Rachycentron canadum L.

“…piscicida. We mainly evaluated the production of antibodies at the postvaccination stage and the improvement of survival rates at a post-challenge test, which suggests that antibody production in the cobia fish species was induced by humoral or cellular immunity (Quintana & Cohen 2011;Li et al 2012). However, the mechanistic details are undergoing further studies.…”

“…; Li et al . ). As an antigen, α‐enolase was reported to be expressed on the membranes of Streptococcus agalactiae (Pancholi & Fischetti ; Bergmann et al .…”

“…From previous studies in Helicobacter pylori, HSP60, which is associated with the membrane (Garduno et al 1998), emerged as a vaccine candidate target that showed high protective efficacy and adjuvant effects (Bai et al 2003;Wilhelm et al 2005;Soares et al 2008;Zhang et al 2008;Khan et al 2009;Plant, LaPatra & Cain 2009). The membrane protein GAPDH was shown to be an Correspondence H-L Yang and J H-Y Lin, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan (e-mail: hlyang@mail.ncku.edu.tw for H-L Yang and hanyou@ mail.ncku.edu.tw for J H-Y Lin) important antigen for pathogen recognition (Pancholi & Fischetti 1992, 1993Ling et al 2004;Liu et al 2005;Liu, Oshima & Kawai 2007;Zhang, Yu & Qian 2007;Zhang et al 2008;Sakai et al 2009;Li et al 2012). As an antigen, a-enolase was reported to be expressed on the membranes of Streptococcus agalactiae (Pancholi & Fischetti 1998;Bergmann et al 2001;Hughes et al 2002;Finco et al 2005;Zhang et al 2009).…”

Selection of Stable Reference Genes for Real-Time Quantitative PCR Analysis in Edwardsiella tarda

“…Many studies of this pathogen have already been conducted, including its taxonomy, pathogenesis, and vaccine development. In our previous studies, the housekeeping enzymes glyceraldehyde-3phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) [1,2] and fructose 1,6bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) [3] in E. tarda have been shown to be secreted into the medium or localized on the surface of this pathogen, providing effective immunoprotection in the animal model of zebrafish. Many researchers have also reported that housekeeping enzymes like GAPDH and FBA perform more than one function [4][5][6][7][8].…”