Secreted lipases from Malassezia globosa: recombinant expression and determination of their substrate specificities

Abstract

Malassezia globosa, which is associated with skin conditions such as dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis, possesses 13 secreted lipases, but only MgLip1, MgMDL2 and MgLip2 have been characterized. To understand the substrate preferences of these lipases and by extension their potential role in colonizing human skin, we expressed all 13 predicted secreted lipases in Pichia pastoris and evaluated their ability to utilize mono-, di-and triolein substrates. The M. globosa family class 3 lipases were shown to be specific for mono-and diacylglycerols, but exhibited no regio-selective production of diacylglycerols, which are of special interest for industrial applications. Lipases belonging to the Lip family utilized all substrates. In a further step, five lipases previously demonstrated to be expressed on human skin were tested against the eight most common di-and triacylglycerols in human sebum. All lipases liberated free fatty acids from three to eight of these substrates, proving their ability to hydrolyse key components of human sebum. Again, only Lip family lipases showed activity on triacylglycerides. Based on the demonstrated activity and expression levels of MgLip2 in M. globosa, the Lip lipase family appears to have the highest impact for the pathogenicity of M. globosa.

Biocontrol yeasts: mechanisms and applications

“…This trait has been related to the consumption of previously accumulated lipids (in the so-called ‘oleaginous’ yeasts), and to cold tolerance in extremophilic yeasts (Białkowska and Turkiewicz 2014; Breuer and Harms 2006; Papanikolaou and Aggelis 2011; Szczęsna-Antczak et al 2014). Besides this, lipase activity has been detected and shown to be involved in the pathogenicity of yeasts such as Candida , Cryptococcus , or Malassezia species (Mayer et al 2013; Park et al 2013; Sommer et al 2016). Since a number of studies have highlighted the role of lipases in the biocontrol efficacy of bacteria and fungi against plant diseases and pests (Ali et al 2009; Berto et al 2001; Beys da Silva et al 2010a, b; Keyhani 2018; Manuel et al 2012; Sánchez-Pérez et al 2014; Vial et al 2007; Zha et al 2014), the lipolytic activity of antagonistic yeasts may represent a promising target for innovative studies on biological control applications.…”

Neuroendocrinology and neurobiology of sebaceous glands

“…While sebum on the surface of the skin contains a significant proportion of free fatty acids (FFAs) (Downing, Strauss & Pochi, ; Greene et al ., ; Nicolaides et al ., ), analysis of lipid composition from isolated SGs reveals that FFAs comprise only a comparatively small fraction of lipid synthesised in the SG (Summerly & Woodbury, , ; Ridden, Ferguson & Kealey, ; Guy, Ridden & Kealey, ). This discrepancy may be caused by lysis of TGs by commensal microorganisms including Cutibacterium acne s ( C. acnes , formerly known as Propionibacterium acnes ) and yeasts of the genus Malassezia (Marples, Downing & Kligman, ; Puhvel, Reisner & Sakamoto, ; Scholz & Kilian, ; Sommer et al ., ).…”

Susceptibilities of Malassezia strains from pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis and seborrheic dermatitis to antifungal drugs

“…The Malassezia strains, depending on the different skin diseases they were isolated from, were cultivated and identified when they were collected so that the same type of Malassezia strains were artificially cultivated separately according to different disease sources; this ensures that the same strains from different sources do not contaminate each other during the experiment. The reason why the same strains with different disease origins show different MIC values may be that the strains have different lipase activities [27,28], suggesting that the formation of lipase activity by the strains may be related to the presence of different sebum concentrations in the skin of the lesion. On another hand, some resistant strains of Malassezia were increasingly detected in different disease sources [3,29], which may also explain the different sensitivities of the same species of Malassezia to antifungal drugs among the three skin diseases.…”