Secreted Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase 5b is a Marker of Osteoclast Number in Human Osteoclast Cultures and the Rat Ovariectomy Model

Rissanen, Jukka P.; Suominen, Mari I.; Peng, Zhiqi; Halleen, Jussi M.

doi:10.1007/s00223-007-9091-4

Cited by 136 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The expression of RANK and related genes also changed depending on different magnitutes of strain. TRAP is often used as one of the macrophage/osteoclast lineage markers (33,34). However, the results of the present study on mRNA expression are in disagreement with those from the study of Fujisaki et al, who observed that the expression of CAII and cathepsin K induced by RANKL was increased according to the maturity and differentiation of the RAW264.7 cells (35).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Differential effects of mechanical strain on osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast-related gene expression in RAW264.7 cells

Guo

Yan

et al. 2012

Mol Med Report

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Abstract. Mechanical strain plays a critical role in the formation, proliferation and maturation of bone cells. However, little is known about the direct effects of different magnitudes of mechanical strain on osteoclast differentiation. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the fusion and activation of osteoclasts can be regulated by mechanical strain magnitude using the RAW264.7 mouse monocyte/ macrophage cell line as an osteoclast precursor. Mechanical strain (substrate stretching) was applied via a 4-point bending system when RAW cells were treated with macrophage colonystimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL) for an indicated period of time. The numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatasepositive (TRAP + ) and apoptotic cells were counted. The expression of TRAP, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), RANK, cathepsin K and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and immunocytochemistry staining for RANK was performed. We found that the number of nuclei per osteoclast derived from RAW cells decreased under low magnitude mechanical strain and increased under high magnitude strain within physiological load with an enhanced fusion of TRAP + osteoclasts, compared to the control with no mechanical strain. The expression of RANK mRNA was downregulated by low magnitude strain and beyond physiological load, while it was upregulated by high magnitude strain within physiological load, correlating with the increased expression of RANK examined by immunocytochemistry, suggesting the mechanical regulation of RANK expression. There was also an increase in the expression of MMP-9 mRNA in the groups subjected to a mechanical strain of 2,000 and 2,500 µε. No significant differences were detected in the expression of TRAP mRNA, cathepsin K and CAII under mechanical strain compared to the control under no strain (0 µε). These findings indicate that low-magnitude strain suppresses osteoclast fusion and activation, while high-magnitude strain within physiological load promotes osteoclast fusion and activation related to a mechanical magnitude-dependent response of RANK expression. These data, therefore, provide a deeper understanding of how different magnitudes of mechanical strains exert their effects on osteoclastogenesis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Differential effects of mechanical strain on osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast-related gene expression in RAW264.7 cells

Guo

Yan

et al. 2012

Mol Med Report

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“…[23,24] TRACP 5b is known as an osteoclast-specific molecule and it has been suggested to be effective in the reflection of bone remodelling. [25] Kim et al [8] evaluated several bone turnover markers in an animal study, it was demonstrated that lower serum TRACP 5b levels were associated with ONJ. However, Kuroshima et al [26] have demonstrated that serum TRACP 5b levels do not reflect the suppression of the bone resorption status and suggested that this marker is not useful to estimate the efficiency of antiresorptive therapy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive effect of doxycycline sponge against bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: an animal study

Duygu

Sapmaz-Metin

Kütan

et al. 2016

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of doxycycline collagen sponge on bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and the level of serum biomarkers as an indicator of osteonecrosis. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups. Animals in the control group were injected with saline and animals in Groups I, II and III were injected with zoledronate three times a week for eight weeks. After eight weeks, the following procedures were performed in each group. In Group I: extraction of maxillary first molar, in Group II: extraction of maxillary first molar and mucoperiosteal coverage was performed and in Group III: extraction of maxillary first molar and mucoperiosteal coverage with doxycycline collagen sponges was performed. At the end of 16 weeks, all animals were sacrificed. Serum collagen type I C-telopeptide (CTx), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP 5b) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels' analysis, clinical examination, histological and histomorphometrical analysis were performed. As a result no significant difference in CTx, TRACP 5b and ALP levels was observed between groups. Complete mucosal healing was observed in all animals in the control group and 66.7% of animals in Group III. The necrotic bone area in Group III was significantly lower than the other groups (p < 0.01). Statistically significant difference was observed between groups in terms of detached osteoclast number (p < 0.01). In conclusion, local application of doxycycline could have a positive effect in reducing the risk of BRONJ in rats.

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“…Calcium ingestion has been shown to attenuate the increase in P-CTX with subsequent endurance cycling [15] but, to date, only one study has compared the effect of fasting and feeding [27]. This study reported no effect of a liquid replacement meal on responses to resistance or plyometric exercise, although the choice of bone markers was surprising [28], as only tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b), which mainly reflects prevailing osteoclast number [29], and bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which does not to respond to feeding [14], were measured. The exclusion of P-CTX was also surprising, as it is reported to be highly responsive to nutrient ingestion [10,11,14].…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of fasting versus feeding on the bone metabolic response to running

Scott

Sale

Greeves³

et al. 2012

Bone

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Abbreviations: ACa, albumin-adjusted calcium; Bone ALP, bone alkaline phosphatase; BMD, bone mineral density; P-CTX, C-terminal telopeptide region of collagen type 1; CHO, carbohydrate; FAST, overnight fast from 21:00; FED, a standardised breakfast consumed at 08:15; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; GLP-2, glucagon-like peptide-2; GIP, glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide; LMM, linear mixed model; OC, osteocalcin; OPG, osteoprotegerin; P1NP, N-terminal propeptides of procollagen type 1; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PO4, phosphate; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; RPE, ratings of perceived exertion; VO2, oxygen uptake; V02max, maximal rate of oxygen uptake. ABSTRACTIndividuals often perform exercise in the fasted state, but the effects on bone metabolism are not currently known. We compared the effect of an overnight fast with feeding a mixed meal on the bone metabolic response to treadmill running. Ten, physically-active males aged 28 ± 4 y (mean ± 1SD) completed two, counterbalanced, 8 d trials. After 3 d on a standardised diet, participants performed 60 min of treadmill running at 65% V02max on Day 4 following an overnight fast (FAST) or a standardised breakfast (FED). Blood samples were collected at baseline, before and during exercise, for 3h after exercise, and on four consecutive follow-up days (FU1-FU4). Plasma/serum were analysed for the c-terminal telopeptide region of collagen type 1 (P-CTX), n-terminal propeptides of procollagen type 1 (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (bone ALP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), albumin-adjusted calcium, phosphate, osteoprotegerin (OPG), Cortisol, leptin and ghrelin. Only the P-CTX response was significantly affected by feeding. Pre-exercise concentrations decreased more in FED compared with FAST (47% vs 26%, P < 0.001) but increased during exercise in both groups and were not significantly different from baseline at 1 h post-exercise. At 3 h post-exercise, concentrations were decreased (33%, P < 0.001) from baseline in FAST and significantly lower (P < 0.001) than in FED. P1NP and PTH increased, and OC decreased during exercise. Bone markers were not significantly different from baseline on FU1-FU4.Fasting had only a minor effect on the bone metabolic response to subsequent acute, endurance exercise, reducing the duration of the increase in P-CTX during early recovery, but having no effect on changes in bone formation markers. The reduced duration of the P-CTX response with fasting was not fully explained by changes in PTH, OPQ leptin or ghrelin.

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Secreted Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase 5b is a Marker of Osteoclast Number in Human Osteoclast Cultures and the Rat Ovariectomy Model

Abstract: These results show that TRACP 5b is a reliable marker of osteoclast number, and the index CTX/TRACP 5b is a useful parameter in rat OVX model. The high elevation of CTX/TRACP 5b values by OVX demonstrates that estrogen withdrawal generates high activity of osteoclasts in the rat OVX model.

Cited by 136 publications

References 34 publications

Differential effects of mechanical strain on osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast-related gene expression in RAW264.7 cells

Differential effects of mechanical strain on osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast-related gene expression in RAW264.7 cells

Preventive effect of doxycycline sponge against bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: an animal study

Effect of fasting versus feeding on the bone metabolic response to running

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