Securing Visible Light Communication Systems by Beamforming in the Presence of Randomly Distributed Eavesdroppers

Cho, Sunghwan; Chen, Gaojie; Coon, Justin P.

doi:10.1109/twc.2018.2804390

Cited by 67 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, only beamforming was employed to secure this class of VLC systems. In [82], [83], the authors proposed a LED selection scheme to improve the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of the system. The SOP represents the probability that the instantaneous secrecy capacity C s falls below a target secrecy rate R th [88], i.e., P (C s ≤ R th ).…”

Section: A Single Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the amplitude constraint imposed on the transmitted signal, the secrecy capacity is not readily available and a modified SOP was employed as a secrecy performance measure instead. In addition, the authors in [82], [83] assumed that the EDs are not colluding. In this case, only the ED with the strongest SNR is considered as a potential threat.…”

Section: A Single Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

Arfaoui

Soltani

Tavakkolnia

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

169

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Due to the dramatic increase in high data rate services and in order to meet the demands of the fifth-generation (5G) networks, researchers from both academia and industry are exploring advanced transmission techniques, new network architectures and new frequency spectrum such as the visible light and the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectra. Visible light communication (VLC) particularly is an emerging technology that has been introduced as a promising solution for 5G and beyond, owing to the large unexploited spectrum, which translates to significantly high data rates. Although VLC systems are more immune against interference and less susceptible to security vulnerabilities since light does not penetrate through walls, security issues arise naturally in VLC channels due to their open and broadcasting nature, compared to fiber-optic systems. In addition, since VLC is considered to be an enabling technology for 5G, and security is one of the 5G fundamental requirements, security issues should be carefully addressed and resolved in the VLC context. On the other hand, due to the success of physical layer security (PLS) in improving the security of radio-frequency (RF) wireless networks, extending such PLS techniques to VLC systems has been of great interest. Only two survey papers on security in VLC have been published in the literature. However, a comparative and unified survey on PLS for VLC from information theoretic and signal processing point of views is still missing. This paper covers almost all aspects of PLS for VLC, including different channel models, input distributions, network configurations, precoding/signaling strategies, and secrecy capacity and information rates. Furthermore, we propose a number of timely and open research directions for PLS-VLC systems, including the application of measurement-based indoor and outdoor channel models, incorporating user mobility and device orientation into the channel model, and combining VLC and RF systems to realize the potential of such technologies.

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Section: A Single Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Single Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

Arfaoui

Soltani

Tavakkolnia

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

169

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With spatially random terminals in VLC, the closed-form expressions for the SOP and the average secrecy capacity (ASC) are derived in [18]. In [19] and [20], the SOP and beamforming are analyzed respectively for VLC with randomly located eavesdroppers. However, the dimming requirement for indoor VLC is not considered in [17]- [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [19] and [20], the SOP and beamforming are analyzed respectively for VLC with randomly located eavesdroppers. However, the dimming requirement for indoor VLC is not considered in [17]- [20]. Moreover, the aforementioned works are carried out by assuming that the channel state information (CSI) is perfect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Secrecy Performance of Random VLC Networks With Imperfect CSI and Protected Zone

Wang

Qiu

Lin

et al. 2020

IEEE Systems Journal

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This paper investigates the physical-layer security for a random indoor visible light communication (VLC) network with imperfect channel state information (CSI) and a protected zone. The VLC network consists of three nodes, i.e., a transmitter (Alice), a legitimate receiver (Bob), and an eavesdropper (Eve). Alice is fixed in the center of the ceiling, and the emitted signal at Alice satisfies the non-negativity and the dimmable average optical intensity constraint. Bob and Eve are randomly deployed on the receiver plane. By employing the protected zone and considering the imperfect CSI, the stochastic characteristics of the channel gains for both the main and the eavesdropping channels is first analyzed. After that, the closed-form expressions of the average secrecy capacity and the lower bound of secrecy outage probability are derived, respectively. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulations are provided to verify the accuracy of the derived theoretical expressions. Moreover, the impacts of the nominal optical intensity, the dimming target, the protected zone and the imperfect CSI on secrecy performance are discussed, respectively.

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“…Note that the secure analysis and robust beamforming in [6] and [8] were established in the case that the CSI or the locations of the eavesdroppers are known. However, the locations of the eavesdroppers are usually unknown in practice [11]. In this case, the authors have analyzed the secure performance and proposed a new MISO beamforming scheme based on the eavesdropper intensity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis on Visible Light Communications With Multi-Eavesdroppers and Practical Amplitude Constraint

et al. 2019

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In this paper the secure performance for the visible light communication (VLC) system with multiple eavesdroppers is studied. By considering the practical amplitude constraint instead of an average power constraint in the VLC system, the closed-form expressions for the upper and the lower bounds of the secrecy outage probability and the average secrecy capacity are derived. Since the locations for both legitimate receiver and eavesdroppers are unknown as well as random, the stochastic geometry method is introduced for problem formulation. Moreover, accurate expressions with a low computational complexity are obtained with the rigorous derivation. Simulation results verify the correctness of our theoretical analysis.Index Terms-Visible light communication, amplitude constraint, secrecy outage probability, average secrecy capacity. I. INTRODUCTIONV ISIBLE light communication (VLC) has received increasing attentions due to the abundant license-free spectrum resources and the effective reuse of frequency and space. It is a promising technology to tackle the spectrum scarcity [1], [2] and to support the fifth generation and beyond wireless communication systems [3]. Moreover, different from the traditional radio frequency (RF) channel, VLC is mainly implemented by light-of-sight (LoS) as visible light is blocked by the opaque materials, which is beneficial for secure transmissions. Nevertheless, VLC faces the risk of eavesdropping due to the broadcast nature [4], [5]. To address this issue, two main schemes can be introduced. One hand, upper-layer encryption [4] is a common secure scheme, but it is often challenged by high computational power and cloud computing. On the other hand, physical layer security (PLS), as a new and effective secure scheme, can achieve information secure transmission based on the randomness of channels [6], [7].

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Securing Visible Light Communication Systems by Beamforming in the Presence of Randomly Distributed Eavesdroppers

Cited by 67 publications

References 31 publications

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

On the Secrecy Performance of Random VLC Networks With Imperfect CSI and Protected Zone

Performance Analysis on Visible Light Communications With Multi-Eavesdroppers and Practical Amplitude Constraint

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