Sedative and Respiratory Effects of Intramuscular Detomidine and Butorphanol in Donkeys Sedated for Bronchoalveolar Lavage

Evangelista, Flavia; Tayari, Hamaseh; Degani, Massimiliano; Nocera, Irene; Briganti, Angela

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2018.06.011

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Prior to radiography, the feet were thoroughly cleaned. All subjects were sedated with detomidine chloride (10 μg/Kg, IV) (Detogesic®, Zoetis Italia, Italy) and buthorphanol 0.025 mg/kg, IV (Nargesic®, ACME, Italy) ( 22 ). Baseline radiographs, dorso-palmar (DP) and latero-medial (LM) views, were taken.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiographic and Venographic Appearance of Healthy and Laminitic Feet in Amiata Donkeys

Nocera

Aliboni

David³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Introduction: Laminitis is a debilitating disorder resulting in irreversible anatomical changes in the feet of equids. Assessing specific anatomical features through radiography and venography provides diagnostic and prognostic information. The reference ranges are well-established in horses, but not in donkeys. It is also uncertain as to whether these ranges can be applied to every donkey breed. The present study characterizes the radiological and venographic hoof anatomy of healthy feet of Amiata donkeys and defines the changes associated with severe and mild laminitis.Materials and Methods: A total of 16 forefeet were evaluated in 8 Amiata jennies. The animals underwent musculoskeletal examination, Obel grading assessment and radiological evaluation. Based on clinical examination and radiographic findings, the forefeet were grouped as healthy, mild or severe laminitic feet, thus the digital venograms were performed according to the group definition.Results: Radiology revealed 7/16 healthy, 4/16 mild laminitic, and 5/16 severe laminitic forefeet. Statistical analysis showed differences between the healthy and laminitic forefeet for the dorsal angle (p < 0.0001) and angle of solar aspect (p < 0.0001) of the distal phalanx, for deviation between dorsal aspect of distal phalanx and the hoof wall (p < 0.0001) and phalangeal rotation angle (p = 0.0032). Venography was abnormal in mild and severe laminitic forefeet. In particular, the vascularization was reduced or absent at the lamellar-circumflex junction dorsally, at the sub-lamellar vascular bed and at the circumflex veins. Coronary plexus vascularization was absent in severe laminitic forefeet.Discussion and Conclusions: This study provides the radiological parameters for the assessment of healthy and laminitic forefeet of Amiata donkeys. The mild laminitic foot venogram showed decreased vascularization mainly on lamellar-circumflex junction and sub-lamellar vascular bed, in latero-medial views. The severe laminitic foot showed very poor or absent vascularization in multiple areas. The technique is easily applicable and provides diagnostic support in laminitis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the venographic exams were performed under sedation with detomidine chloride (10 µg/Kg, IV) (Detogesic R , Zoetis Italia, Italy) and buthorphanol 0.025 mg/kg, IV (Nargesic R , ACME, Italy) (22). The hair was clipped from the distal third of the metacarpus up to the coronary band.…”

Section: Venographic Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic and Venographic Appearance of Healthy and Laminitic Feet in Amiata Donkeys

Nocera

Aliboni

David³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Sixteen of the 24 donkeys were simultaneously enrolled in another previously conducted study (Evangelista et al, 2018). The results on the TNCC values and percentage of different inflammatory cells of the BAL are presented in Table 1 as median, minimum, and maximum values together with the reference intervals described for horses (McKenzie, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sixteen of the 24 donkeys were simultaneously enrolled in another previously conducted study ( Evangelista et al ., 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytological findings in healthy Amiata donkeys

Vitale

Bonelli²,

Briganti³

et al. 2021

Open Vet J.

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Background: The approach to respiratory diseases in donkeys is similar to that for horses; nevertheless, Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and tracheal wash cytology in this species have been described only a few times in the literature. Aim: To describe BALF cytological findings in a cohort of 24 healthy Amiata donkeys. Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out via standing sedation with a large animal where the BAL catheter passed blindly through the nasal passage into the trachea. Results: The total nucleated cell count of the BALF was found similar to that already described in healthy horses and donkeys. No differences in the differential count were observed according to age and sex. A decreased macrophage percentage and an increased eosinophil percentage were observed in our donkey population when compared to the existing reference range for horses. Conclusion: The reference intervals for BAL cytology in donkeys may be significantly different for those referred for horses.

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“…This induces neuroleptoanalgesia, promotes a higher degree of sedation and analgesia, and has a prolonged effect (SOLANO et al, 2009;GOZALO-MARCILLA et al, 2017). In donkeys, the intramuscular administration of detomidine (60 µg/kg) with butorphanol (50 µg/ kg) resulted in a sedative effect in all the animals, with 10-minute latency and a mean sedation time of 38.8 ± 5.2 minutes (EVANGELISTA et al, 2018). In a captive zebra (Equus burchelli boehmi), the combination of detomidine (30 µg/kg) and acepromazine (0.02 mg/ kg) resulted in a sedative effect 15 minutes after administration (BHARATHIDASAN, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedative effect and physiological changes in horses treated with intramuscular injection of detomidine and morphine

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to elucidate the sedative effect and physiological changes associated with the intramuscular injection of detomidine combined with morphine in horses. Six healthy crossbred horses, aged 2 to 10 years, were included. A crossover experimental design was used to compare the effects of intramuscular injection of 30 µg/kg of detomidine alone (IMD) and intramuscular administration of 30 µg/kg of detomidine and 0.1 mg/kg of morphine (IMDM). The degree of sedation, height of head above ground, were assessed at the time points before and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 minutes after drug administration, and heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, rectum temperature and intestinal motility were assessed at the time points before and 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 minutes after drug administration. The physiological parameters were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-hoc test and analysis of variance with t-test for independent samples and the sedation scores using the Friedman test and Mann Whitney U-test. P-values <0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference. IMDM promoted a higher sedative effect as compared to IMD, but the sedation occurred inconsistently. Additionally, a reduction in intestinal motility was observed with IMDM at 60, 75, 90, and 105 minutes after administration. IMDM promoted more variable sedation and prolonged reduction in the intestinal motility in the horses as compared to IMD.

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Sedative and Respiratory Effects of Intramuscular Detomidine and Butorphanol in Donkeys Sedated for Bronchoalveolar Lavage

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Radiographic and Venographic Appearance of Healthy and Laminitic Feet in Amiata Donkeys

Radiographic and Venographic Appearance of Healthy and Laminitic Feet in Amiata Donkeys

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytological findings in healthy Amiata donkeys

Sedative effect and physiological changes in horses treated with intramuscular injection of detomidine and morphine

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