Sediment can be a reservoir for coliform bacteria released into streams

Smith, Joshua; Edwards, J.L.; Hilger, Helene; Steck, Todd R.

doi:10.2323/jgam.54.173

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Environmental selection has been suggested to enhance the genetic diversity of E. coli populations, favoring strains with characteristics enabling persistence in the environment and enhancing their fitness in the primary host (1, 2). The survival and persistence of E. coli in marine and freshwater environments are greater in sediments than in the overlying water column, probably in relation to the more favorable conditions provided by this environment, such as the higher availability of organic carbon and the protection from protozoan predation and from viral infections (4,7,24,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Sequence Types and Multidrug Resistance among Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Coastal Marine Sediments

Vignaroli

Luna

Rinaldi

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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ABSTRACTThe spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms is widely recognized, but data about their sources, presence, and significance in marine environments are still limited. We examined 109Escherichia colistrains from coastal marine sediments carrying virulence genes for antibiotic susceptibility, specific resistance genes, prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons, and sequence type. Antibiotic resistance was found in 35% of strains, and multiple resistances were found in 14%; the resistances detected most frequently were against tetracycline (28%), ampicillin (16.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (13%), and streptomycin (7%). The highest prevalence of resistant strains was in phylogenetic group A, whereas phylogroup B2 exhibited a significantly lower frequency than all the other groups. Sixty percent of multiresistant strains harbored class 1 or 2 integrase genes, and about 50% carried resistance genes (particularlydfrAandaadA) linked to a class 1 integron. Multilocus sequence typing of 14 selected strains identified eight different types characteristic of extraintestinal pathogens and three new allelic combinations. Our data suggest that coastal marine sediment may be a suitable environment for the survival of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistantE. colistrains capable of contributing to resistance spread via integrons among benthic bacteria, and they highlight a role for these strains in the emergence of new virulent genotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Sequence Types and Multidrug Resistance among Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Coastal Marine Sediments

Vignaroli

Luna

Rinaldi

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Furthermore, sediments are often used for urban agricultural purposes, as fertilizing supplements and soil conditioners [6], so that bacteria in such sediments are directly applied to vegetables intended as foodstuff. Sediments have been recognized as a major reservoir of Escherichia coli in freshwater environments associated to urban runoff, or to treated and untreated wastewater [7]; sediments carry much higher bacterial populations than the overlying water column [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Furthermore, the rhizosphere of terrestrial plants [14], algae biofilms [15], and the rhizome of floating plants [16] can provide friendly environments for bacteria, and are often used as soil conditioners for urban agricultural purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolates from an Urban Lake Receiving Water from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Mexico City: Fecal Pollution and Antibiotic Resistance

et al. 2015

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The presence of enteric bacteria in water bodies is a cause of public health concerns, either by directly causing water- and food-borne diseases, or acting as reservoirs for antibiotic resistance determinants. Water is used for crop irrigation; and sediments and aquatic plants are used as fertilizing supplements and soil conditioners. In this work, the bacterial load of several micro-environments of the urban lake of Xochimilco, in Mexico City, was characterized. We found a differential distribution of enteric bacteria between the water column, sediment, and the rhizoplane of aquatic plants, with human fecal bacteria concentrating in the sediment, pointing to the need to assess such bacterial load for each micro-environment, for regulatory agricultural purposes, instead of only the one of the water, as is currently done. Resistance to tetracycline, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was common among Escherichia coli isolates, but was also differentially distributed, being again higher in sediment isolates. A distinct distribution of chloramphenicol minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) among these isolates suggests the presence of a local selective pressure favoring lower MICs than those of isolates from treated water. Fecal bacteria of human origin, living in water bodies along with their antibiotic resistance genes, could be much more common than typically considered, and pose a higher health risk, if assessments are only made on the water column of such bodies.

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“…Indeed, different studies reported high FIB concentrations in sediments from streams and rivers (Crabill et al 1999;Craig et al 2002a;Smith et al 2008), lakes , estuaries and coastal areas (Craig et al 2002a;Roslev et al 2008). High concentration of faecal bacteria in sediments is usually explained by the longer survival of FIB in sediments than in the overlying water (Davies et al 1995;Craig et al 2004; Lee et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faecal contamination of water and sediment in the rivers of the Scheldt drainage network

Ouattara

Passerat

Servais

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The Scheldt watershed is characterized by a high population density, intense industrial activities and intensive agriculture and breeding. A monthly monitoring (n = 16) of the abundance of two faecal indicator bacteria (FIB), Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci (IE), showed that microbiological water quality of the main rivers of the Scheldt drainage network was poor (median values ranging between 1.4 × 10 3 and 4.0 × 10 5 E. coli (100 mL) −1 and between 3.4 × 10 2 and 7.6 × 10 4 IE (100 mL) −1 ). The Zenne River downstream from Brussels was particularly contaminated. Glucuronidase activity was measured in parallel and was demonstrated to be a valid surrogate for a rapid evaluation of E. coli concentration in the river waters. FIB were also investigated in the river sediments; their abundance was sometimes high (average values ranging between 2.1 × 10 2 and 3.3 × 10 5 E. coli g −1 and between 1.0 × 10 2 and 1.7 × 10 5 IE g −1 ) but was not sufficient to contribute significantly to the river water contamination during resuspension events, except for N. K. Ouattara · J. Passerat · P. Servais (B) Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de la Plaine, CP 221, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium e-mail: pservais@ulb.ac.be the Scheldt and the Nethe Rivers. FIB were also quantified in representative point sources (wastewater treatment plants) and non-point sources (runoff water and soil leaching on different types of land use) of faecal contamination. The comparison of the respective contribution of point and non-point sources at the scale of the Scheldt watershed showed that point sources were largely predominant.

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Sediment can be a reservoir for coliform bacteria released into streams

Abstract: Extreme rainfall has been linked to waterborne disease outbreaks, implicating storm runoff as a source of fecal contamination (Heinonen-Tanski and Uusi-

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

New Sequence Types and Multidrug Resistance among Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Coastal Marine Sediments

New Sequence Types and Multidrug Resistance among Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Coastal Marine Sediments

Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolates from an Urban Lake Receiving Water from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Mexico City: Fecal Pollution and Antibiotic Resistance

Faecal contamination of water and sediment in the rivers of the Scheldt drainage network

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