Sediment mass wasting in the Canary Basin

Weaver, Philip Pe; Masson, Douglas G.; Gunn, D. E.; Kidd, Robert B.; Rothwell, R. G.; Maddison, D. A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1234-5_43

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This increase might be related to the presence of young volcanic constructs in Scan Basin and neighboring Discovery Bank [ Dalziel et al ., ; Eagles and Jokat , ; Pérez et al ., ]. Volcanic edifices are usually associated with large MTDs [ Lee et al ., ; Moore and Normark , ; Weaver et al ., ; Issler et al ., ; Nelson et al ., ], as is well described in volcanic ocean islands such as the South Sandwich Islands, Hawaii, Reunion Island, or Canary Islands, whose MTDs reach 600 km in length [ Moore and Normark , ; Masson et al ., ; Ollier et al ., ; Leat et al ., ].…”

Section: Implications Of the Spatial Distribution Of The Mtdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic activity evolution of the Scotia‐Antarctic Plate boundary from mass transport deposit analysis

et al. 2016

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The spatial distribution and temporal occurrence of mass transport deposits (MTDs) in the sedimentary infill of basins and submerged banks near the Scotia‐Antarctic plate boundary allowed us to decode the evolution of the tectonic activity of the relevant structures in the region from the Oligocene to present day. The 1020 MTDs identified in the available data set of multichannel seismic reflection profiles in the region are subdivided according to the geographic and chronological distributions of these features. Their spatial distribution reveals a preferential location along the eastern margins of the eastern basins. This reflects local deformation due to the evolution of the Scotia‐Antarctic transcurrent plate boundary and the impact of oceanic spreading along the East Scotia Ridge (ESR). The vertical distribution of the MTDs in the sedimentary record evidences intensified regional tectonic deformation from the middle Miocene to Quaternary. Intensified deformation started at about 15 Ma, when the ESR progressively replaces the West Scotia Ridge (WSR) as the main oceanic spreading center in the Scotia Sea. Coevally with the WSR demise at about 6.5 Ma, increased spreading rates of the ESR and numerous MTDs were formed. The high frequency of MTDs during the Pliocene, mainly along the western basins, is also related to greater tectonic activity due to uplift of the Shackleton Fracture Zone by tectonic inversion and extinction of the Antarctic‐Phoenix Ridge and involved changes at late Pliocene. The presence of MTDs in the southern Scotia Sea basins is a relevant indicator of the interplay between sedimentary instability and regional tectonics.

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Section: Implications Of the Spatial Distribution Of The Mtdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic activity evolution of the Scotia‐Antarctic Plate boundary from mass transport deposit analysis

et al. 2016

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“…These very thick debris fl ows tend to lack any overlying turbidites, either due to limited mixing with seawater or because the turbidity current bypassed on steeper slopes and only deposited sediment beyond the termination of the debris fl ows. The termination of the Canary debris fl ow in the Madeira Abyssal Plain is encased within graded turbidite sand (Weaver et al, 1994), suggesting that the debris fl ow and turbidity current reached the basin at a similar time, and therefore had broadly similar speeds. and described a range of debris fl ow and other mass fl ow deposits from the continental slope offshore eastern Canada, and within minibasins in the continental slope or at the Sigsbee Escarpment in the Gulf of Mexico.…”

Section: Very Thick Debritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid submarine flows comprising turbidity current and cohesive debris flow: Deposits, theoretical and experimental analyses, and generalized models

2013

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“…It appears that the¯ow overrode part or all of some blocks during¯ow emplacement, with some blocks remaining partially buried or retaining a debris¯ow cap. However, some of the surface erosion may have resulted from the passage of a related turbidity current, which is known to have been deposited in the Madeira Abyssal Plain simultaneously with the Canary Debris Flow (Weaver et al, 1995).…”

Section: Irregular Patches or Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even so, the debris¯ow appeared to have no obvious headwall scarp. Simultaneously with the deposition of the Canary Debris Flow, a turbidite, known as the`b' turbidite, was deposited on the Madeira Abyssal Plain, immediately to the west of the area of the debris¯ow (Weaver & Rothwell, 1987;Weaver et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Canary Debris Flow: source area morphology and failure mechanisms

et al. 1998

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The morphology of the source area of the Canary Debris Flow has been mapped using both GLORIA reconnaissance and TOBI high-resolution sidescan sonar systems. West of »19°W, the sea¯oor is characterized by a strongly lineated downslope-trending fabric. This fabric can be interpreted as being caused by streams of debris separated by longitudinal shears. Multiple¯ow pulses are indicated by a series of asymmetrical lateral ridges which mark the northern boundary of the¯ow. East of »19°W, GLORIA data show only a weak fabric of irregular patches and alongslope lineaments. The TOBI data show the patches to be coherent sediment blocks up to 10 km across, surrounded by debris¯ow material. These are interpreted as in situ areas of sea¯oor sediment which have survived the slope failure and debris¯ow event rather than transported fragments of a failed sediment slab. TOBI data from the best developed area of alongslope lineaments show a series of small faults downstepping to the west. This area of sea¯oor is interpreted as one of partial sediment failure, where the failure process became`frozen' before total mobilization of the sea¯oor sediments could occur. The overall morphology of the failure area indicates removal of a slab-like body of sediment, although we cannot distinguish between retrogressive and slab-slide failure mechanisms. If the latter mechanism is applicable, fragmentation of the failing slab' must have commenced concurrently with the onset of downslope transport. Immediately upslope from the debris¯ow source area, a sea¯oor of characteristic rough blocky texture is interpreted as the surface of a debris avalanche derived from the slopes of the island of El Hierro. The debris¯ow and avalanche appear to be simultaneous events, with failure of the slope sediments occurring while the avalanche deposits were still mobile enough to ®ll and disguise the topographic expression of the debris¯ow headwall. Loading of the slope sediments by the debris avalanche most probably triggered the Canary Debris Flow.

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Sediment mass wasting in the Canary Basin

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Tectonic activity evolution of the Scotia‐Antarctic Plate boundary from mass transport deposit analysis

Tectonic activity evolution of the Scotia‐Antarctic Plate boundary from mass transport deposit analysis

Hybrid submarine flows comprising turbidity current and cohesive debris flow: Deposits, theoretical and experimental analyses, and generalized models

The Canary Debris Flow: source area morphology and failure mechanisms

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