Sediment yield exceeds sediment production in arid region drainage basins

Clapp, Erik M.; Bierman, Paul R.; Schick, Asher P.; Lekach, Judith; Enzel, Yehouda; Caffee, Marc W.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2000)028<0995:syespi>2.3.co;2

Cited by 39 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…This is because the study area is located in a low-relief plateau and in fact our results are consistent with that obtained for the interior of the Tibetan plateau (Lal et al, 2003). Previous comparison of erosion rates for bedrock and catchment sediments shows that the differences are within a factor of two Clapp et al (2000) 240 30 29 ± 6 active to five (Bierman, 1994;Heimsath et al, 2001). Clearly the tremendous difference in denudation rate within different time intervals in northwest Tibet is not an artifact of dating material.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Table II compares erosion rates obtained by the cosmogenic nuclide dating technique for extremely arid regions. While bedrock erosion rates in Antarctica, Australia and the Namib Desert are very low, at 0·1-1 mm ka −1 , the erosion rates in Yuma Wash, Arizona (Clapp et al, 2002) and Nahal Yael, Israel (Clapp et al, 2000) are much higher, c. 30 mm ka −1 . Obviously the low erosion rates in Antarctica, Australia and the Namib Desert cannot be solely attributed to the lack of water or low annual precipitation as previously suggested (Nishiizumi et al, 1991;Bierman and Turner, 1995;Bierman and Caffee, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al in bedrock

Kong

Fink

et al. 2006

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al in bedrock

Kong

Fink

et al. 2006

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Bintliff 2002;Hooke 2006), but also in thin and stony soils (e.g. Lasanta et al 2006;GarciaRuíz et al 2010;Clapp et al 2000). These soils will produce runoff but much less sediments (Poesen et al 1994;Govers et al 2006;Salvador Sanchis et al 2008).…”

Section: Ii2 the Catchment Response To Disturbances In Land Use Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment yield as a desertification risk indicator

Vanmaercke

Poesen

Maetens

et al. 2011

Science of The Total Environment

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Soil erosion is often regarded as one of the main processes of desertification. This has lead to the use of various desertification indicators that are related to soil erosion. Most of these indicators focus, however, on small spatial units, while little attention has been given to the amount of sediment exported at the catchment scale. Such a small spatial unit approach neglects the transfer of sediment through catchments as well as the scale-dependency of erosion processes. Furthermore, this approach does not consider important off-site impacts of soil erosion, such as sediment deposition in reservoirs, flooding as well as ecological impacts.This study aims to illustrate the importance of also considering catchment sediment yield (SY, t km -2 y -1 ) in desertification assessment studies. Based on recently established databases of SY and soil loss rates in Europe and examples from previous studies, we illustrate that soil erosion rates at the plot scale are not representative for catchment SY, as they are often several orders of magnitude smaller. Also, the erosion response of catchments to changes in land use or climate often differs strongly from responses to those changes at the plot scale.We further discuss several of the impacts of SY and their link with desertification: i.e. the sedimentation of reservoirs, problems related to flooding, catchment hydrology, export of nutrients and ecological implications.Using earlier established criteria we evaluate the potential for using catchment SY as a desertification indicator and conclude that this could give an important added value to desertification studies. SY, used in combination with other indicators, allows the identification of other sediment sources than those considered at the plot scale and can reflect the results of desertification processes over longer time periods than periods over which assessments at the plot scale have been made. We argue therefore, that SY is a strong complementary indicator of desertification providing valuable information on the catchment response to changes in drivers of desertification.

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“…La interacción de esta radiación con la atmósfera y la superfi cie terrestre produce una cascada de reacciones que tienen como resultado la formación de neutrones y otras partícu-las. Estas nuevas partículas inducen la interacción de captura y desintegración de los átomos terrestres (por ejemplo, gases nobles, oxígeno y silicio), que eventualmente producen muy pequeñas cantidades de núcleos residuales, llamados nucleidos cosmogé-nicos pudiendo ser radiogénicos (i.e., 10 Be, 26 Al, 36 Cl) y estables (i.e., 21 Ne, 3 He) (Faure, 1996;Lal, 1991;Cockburn et al, 1999;Clapp et al, 2000;Gosse y Phillips, 2001;Burbank y Anderson, 2001). Los rayos cósmicos que logran impactar en la superfi cie de la Tierra generan nucleidos cosmogénicos in situ, cuya acumulación puede ser usada para determinar el tiempo de exposición de una superfi cie sedimentaria y/o tasas de erosión local (Lal, 1991).…”

Section: Método De Datación Por 21 Ne Cosmogénicounclassified

Constricción neógena en la Cordillera de la Costa, norte de Chile: neotectónica y datación de superficies con 21Ne cosmogónico

2008

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Sediment yield exceeds sediment production in arid region drainage basins

Cited by 39 publications

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Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al in bedrock

Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al in bedrock

Sediment yield as a desertification risk indicator

Constricción neógena en la Cordillera de la Costa, norte de Chile: neotectónica y datación de superficies con 21Ne cosmogónico

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Sediment yield exceeds sediment production in arid region drainage basins

Cited by 39 publications

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Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in bedrock

Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in bedrock

Sediment yield as a desertification risk indicator

Constricción neógena en la Cordillera de la Costa, norte de Chile: neotectónica y datación de superficies con 21Ne cosmogónico

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Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al in bedrock

Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al in bedrock