Sedimentary and geochemical evidence of Eocene climate change in the Xining Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Sayem, Abu Sadat Md.; Guo, Zhang; Wu, Haibin; Zhang, Chunxia; Yang, Fan; Xiao, Guoqiao; He, Zhilin

doi:10.1007/s11430-018-9231-9

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…During this time, the SAR was relatively uniform, which suggests that Xining Basin was largely uninfluenced by large‐scale tectonic activity and that sedimentation was principally controlled by global climate change. A similar conclusion was reached in studies of sediment geochemistry and clay mineral assemblages (Hu et al, ; Sayem et al, ). Thus, during the early Cenozoic, Xining Basin was not impacted by large‐scale tectonic activity resulting from the far‐field effect of the India‐Eurasia collision, and until ~35 Ma global climatic conditions were the dominant influence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

High‐Resolution Eocene Magnetostratigraphy of the Xijigou Section: Implications for the Infilling Process of Xining Basin, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2019

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The Eocene was the initial stage of the Cenozoic global climatic transition from greenhouse to icehouse conditions. Our understanding of the Eocene climate is based mainly on marine records, and comparison of marine and terrestrial climate records of the Eocene has revealed inconsistencies. Thus, there is a need for more continuous, high‐resolution Eocene sedimentary records from land. Xining Basin in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau contains a sequence of well‐exposed and complete Eocene strata. Extending previous research, we have conducted a new high‐resolution lithostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic study of the Xijigou section in Xining Basin. The results indicate that the Xijigou section spans the interval from ~34.2 to 53 Ma, representing an average sediment accumulation rate of ~1.4 cm/kyr. The basal ages of the Mahalagou and Honggou Formations are ~39.9 and ~52.4 Ma, respectively. A comparison of all available Eocene sedimentary records from Xining Basin indicates that the strata deposited during ~53–35 Ma developed conformably and are well correlated over space. We conclude that sediment deposition was not affected by large‐scale tectonic activity at the time and rather was controlled by the global climate. After ~35 Ma, the sediment accumulation rate increased to ~4 cm/kyr, which may reflect the far‐field influence of the India‐Eurasia collision on Xining Basin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

High‐Resolution Eocene Magnetostratigraphy of the Xijigou Section: Implications for the Infilling Process of Xining Basin, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2019

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“…Except for tectonic activity, climate change can have a significant control on erosion rates and patterns, causing variations of the Sr and Nd isotopic composition of sediments (Clift, Giosan, et al, ; Rahaman et al, ). The Chemical Index of Weathering of the samples from the Xijigou section and n‐alkane and palynological records from the Xiejia section reveal that the paleoclimate in the Xining Basin experienced a long‐term cooling and drying trend from ~52 to 30 Ma (Long et al, ; Sayem et al, ). The climate in the Xining Basin did not show significant change at ~39 Ma, and tectonic uplift is a more plausible explanation for the provenance change from the Interval I to Interval II.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…As the Riyue Shan and the Qinghai Nan Shan (Figure a) grew during the late Miocene (~10–6 Ma), based on magnetostratigraphic studies (Fang et al, ; Lease et al, ; Zhang et al, ), these regions are not considered to be sediment source areas on the longer timescale addressed herein. The sediments of Xijigou‐Tashan section in the Xining Basin deposited in a fluvial‐lacustrine environment (Sayem et al, ; Xiao et al, ). Yang et al () suggested that the basins within and along the Qilian Shan underwent atrophy and denudation, followed by the accumulation of aeolian deposits during the Pliocene‐Quaternary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studied Xijigou (XG; 101°52′E, 36°31′N) and Tashan (101°50′E, 36°33′N) sections are situated in the midsouthern part of the Xining Basin (Figure b), ~25 km north of the Laji Shan and ~65 km south of the Middle Qilian Shan (Daban Shan). Detailed sedimentary facies analysis of the Xijigou and Tashan sections shows that sediments were deposited in shallow brackish lake, salt or playa lake, and floodplain environments (Sayem et al, ; Xiao, ).…”

Section: Geological Setting Stratigraphy and Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Provenance of Cenozoic Sediments in the Xining Basin Revealed by Nd and Pb Isotopic Evidence: Implications for Tectonic Uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau

Guo

Yang

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Constraining the uplift of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau (NETP) is critical for growth models of the plateau and tectonic-climatic interactions during the Cenozoic. The sequence of early Eocene (53 Ma)-early Miocene (16 Ma) clastic sediments deposited in the Xining Basin provides insights into the uplift of the NETP. We used Nd-Pb isotopic composition of the Cenozoic sediments in the Xining Basin to trace sediment sources and hence to infer uplift of the NETP. Provenance analysis indicates that the Qilian Shan was possibly the source area before~50 Ma; the West Qinling became the main source area during~50-39 Ma; and the West Qinling, Qilian Shan, and Laji Shan probably became source areas during~39-30 Ma. During~30-16 Ma, the sediments comprised a two-end-member mixture of detrital materials from the Laji Shan and the Qilian Shan, whereas detrital inputs from the Qilian Shan increased after~22 Ma. Combined with previous studies, our inferred provenance history suggests that (1) part of the Qilian Shan possibly existed before~50 Ma; (2) the West Qinling was uplifted since~50 Ma; (3) part of the Laji Shan was uplifted during~39-30 Ma, and the entire Laji Shan was probably uplifted since~30 Ma, separating the Xining from Xunhua-Linxia basins; and (4) the Qilian Shan was uplifted during the early Miocene, which together with climate change caused erosion and provenance changes. These results suggest that the NETP was uplifted since the early Cenozoic and sizeable parts of the NETP were probably uplifted by the early Miocene.

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“…Approaching unity points to the domination of ferrimagnetic minerals, and the S ratio will decrease with an increase of hematite. Redness is an intuitive proxy to reflect the concentrations of iron‐bearing components, mainly hematite, and is thus widely used (Nagao and Nakashima, 1992; Balsam et al, 1999; Helmke et al, 2002; Abdul Aziz et al, 2003; Aziz et al, 2004; Jiang HC et al, 2008; Sayem et al, 2018). Synthetically, these proxies suggest a maximal relative abundance of hematite from 17 to 14 Ma and a decreasing trend of hematite concentration after 14 Ma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoclimatic and provenance implications of magnetic parameters from the Miocene sediments in the Subei Basin

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2020

Earth and Planetary Physics

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Key Points:Variations of environmental magnetic parameters of the Miocene sediments were established in the Subei Basin q The increased bulk susceptibility, SIRM, ARM, and HIRM were related to tectonic uplift induced provenance change since 13.7 Ma q The parameters of susceptibility ratios, redness and S ratio are climate-dependent, indicating a warmest and humid climate during the middle Miocene Optimum q Abstract: Thick sediments from foreland basins usually provide valuable information for understanding the relationships between mountain building, rock denudation, and sediment deposition. In this paper, we report environmental magnetic measurements performed on the Miocene sediments in the Subei Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Our results show two different patterns. First, the bulk susceptibility and SIRM, ARM, and HIRM mainly reflect the absolute-concentration of magnetic minerals; all have increased remarkably since 13.7 Ma, related to provenance change rather than climate change. Second, the ratios of IRM 100mT /SIRM, IRM 100mT /IRM 30mT , and IRM 100mT /IRM 60mT , together with the redness and S ratio, reflect the relative-concentration of hematite, being climate-dependent. Their vertical changes correlate in general with the long-term Miocene climatic records of marine oxygen isotope variations, marked by the existence of higher ratios between 17 and 14 Ma. This may imply that global climate change, rather than uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, played a dominant role in the long-term climatic evolution of the Subei area from the early to middle Miocene.

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Sedimentary and geochemical evidence of Eocene climate change in the Xining Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Cited by 17 publications

References 59 publications

High‐Resolution Eocene Magnetostratigraphy of the Xijigou Section: Implications for the Infilling Process of Xining Basin, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

High‐Resolution Eocene Magnetostratigraphy of the Xijigou Section: Implications for the Infilling Process of Xining Basin, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Provenance of Cenozoic Sediments in the Xining Basin Revealed by Nd and Pb Isotopic Evidence: Implications for Tectonic Uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau

Paleoclimatic and provenance implications of magnetic parameters from the Miocene sediments in the Subei Basin

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