Sedimentary records of coastal storm surges: Evidence of the 1953 North Sea event

Abstract

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Reviews and syntheses: <sup>210</sup>Pb-derived sediment and carbon accumulation rates in vegetated coastal ecosystems – setting the record straight

“…In some cases, however, the process responsible for incorporating 210 Pb into the sediments might be more complex. Vegetated coastal ecosystems may receive both autochthonous and allochthonous sediments from the upstream catchment, coastal erosion, from the offshore zone during storm events (Turner et al, 2007) or in response to land use change (Mabit et al, 2014;Ruiz-Fernández and Hillaire-Marcel, 2009). Their sediments might be reworked through the action of fauna (bioturbation), tides, currents and waves as well as through boat anchoring, dredging or fishing activities (e.g., Mazarrasa et al, 2017;Sanders et al, 2014;Serrano et al, 2016a;Smoak et al, 2013).…”

Current perspectives on the capabilities of high resolution XRF core scanners

“…The Netherlands, Belgium and the UK were particularly badly impacted by the surge and more than 2000 people lost their lives. Studies of saltmarsh sediments at Wrangle and Holkham on the east coast of England aimed to determine if records of the storm surge were preserved in the stratigraphic record(Tsobanouglou et al, 2010;Swindles et al, 2018). Detailed sedimentological characterisation of the sediments, accompanied by Itrax core scanning and radiometric dating, were used to identify past storm surge deposits and the timing of past surge events.…”

A novel protocol for identifying storm derived waves on substrate reworking in lakes: implications for selection of optimal sites for paleolimnological research

“…Brandon et al, 2014;Swindles et al, 2018) can be used to reconstruct Atlantic storminess prior to human monitoring by recording evidence associated with changes in lake processes (i.e., grain size, geochemistry), allowing us to analyze, interpret and predict the causes of these environmental shifts (Smol, 2002;Bichet et al, 2014). For example, lake sediments can range from providing information on historical changes in pollutant deposition (Shotbolt et al, 2005) to reconstructing hydroclimatological variability (Macumber et al, 2018). Sedimentary archives also preserve storm signals (Swindles et al, 2018) but this has rarely been studied in inland lakes (Page et al, 1994;Eden et al, 1998).…”

“…For example, lake sediments can range from providing information on historical changes in pollutant deposition (Shotbolt et al, 2005) to reconstructing hydroclimatological variability (Macumber et al, 2018). Sedimentary archives also preserve storm signals (Swindles et al, 2018) but this has rarely been studied in inland lakes (Page et al, 1994;Eden et al, 1998). Lake sedimentary archives are typically extracted as a single core from the deepest part of the lake (i.e., z-max).…”

“…A multi-site lake characterization approach could determine areas prone to resuspension and allochthonous sedimentation by using geomatics to map the spatial variability of catchment hydrological proxies (e.g., grain size and Ti). Grain size analysis has been demonstrated to be a very useful indicator of lake depositional processes and can be carried out quickly and relatively inexpensively (Gammon et al, 2017;Macumber et al, 2018). End member mixing analysis (EMMA) of grain size results can further be used to model the depositional signature (i.e., end members) of specific catchment and lake hydrological processes (Weltje & Prins, 2003, 2007Dietze et al, 2012;Macumber et al, 2018).…”