Sedimentology of the proximal portion of a large-scale, Upper Jurassic fluvial-aeolian system in Paraná Basin, southwestern Gondwana

Reis, Adriano Domingos dos; Scherer, Claiton Marlon dos Santos; Amarante, Francyne Bochi do; Rossetti, Marcos de Magalhães May; Kifumbi, Carrel; Souza, Ezequiel Galvão de; Ferronatto, João Pedro Formolo; Owen, Amanda

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2019.102248

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The preserved deposits from each individual environment have been studied in great depth, along with the sedimentary interactions between the deposits of coeval depositional systems (e.g. Langford, 1989;Langford & Chan, 1989;Herries, 1993;Veiga et al, 2002;Al-Masrahy & Mountney, 2015;Formolo Ferronatto et al, 2019;Reis et al, 2019). In many cases, these relationships can be related to a cyclo-stratigraphical framework based upon a climatic control (Howell & Mountney, 1997;Mountney & Jagger, 2004;Hassan et al, 2018;Soares et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their large-scale architecture typically comprises unconfined sheets and low-sinuosity channels (Williams, 1971;Tunbridge, 1984;Tooth, 2000;Al-Masrahy & Mountney, 2015) with large width to depth ratios (Billi et al, 2018), that decrease in size and discharge downstream, as substantial water is lost due to evapotranspiration and infiltration into the dry, sandy substrate (Lane et al, 1971;Picard & High, 1973;Tunbridge, 1984;Sutfin et al, 2014). Most sandy ephemeral fluvial systems are endorheic and terminate within muddy flood plains or ephemeral lakes (Tunbridge, 1981(Tunbridge, , 1984 in the centres of continental basins, in a similar way to distributive fluvial systems (Weissmann et al, 2010;Gulliford et al, 2014;Reis et al, 2019) or terminal fluvial fans (Cain & Mountney, 2009). Harshbarger et al, 1957;Middleton & Blakey, 1983;Blakey, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sedimentology of an ephemeral fluvial–aeolian succession

Priddy

Clarke

2020

Sedimentology

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Ephemeral fluvial systems are commonly associated with arid to semi‐arid climates. Although their complex sedimentology and depositional settings have been described in much detail, depositional models depicting detailed lateral and vertical relationships, and interactions with coeval depositional environments, are lacking compared to well‐recognized meandering and braided fluvial systems. This study critically evaluates the applicability of current models for ephemeral fluvial systems to an ancient arid fluvial example of the Lower Jurassic Kayenta Formation of the Colorado Plateau, USA. The study employs detailed sedimentary logging, palaeocurrent analysis and photogrammetric panels across the regional extent of the Kayenta. A generic model that accounts for the detailed sedimentology of a sandy arid ephemeral fluvial system (drawing upon both ancient and geomorphological studies) is developed, along with analysis of the spatial and temporal interactions with the aeolian setting. Results show that the ephemeral system is dominated by laterally and vertically amalgamated, poorly channelized to sheet‐like elements, with abundant upper flow regime flat beds and high sediment load structures formed between periods of lower flow regime conditions. Through interaction with a coeval aeolian system, most of the fluvial deposits are dominated by sand‐grade sediment, unlike many modern ephemeral fluvial systems that contain a high proportion of conglomeratic and/or finer grained mudstone and siltstone deposits. During dominantly fluvial deposition, high width to thickness ratios are observed for channelized and sheet‐like elements. However, with increasing aridity, the aeolian environment becomes dominant and fluvial deposition is restricted to interdune corridors, resulting in lower width to thickness ratio channels dominated by flash‐flood and debris‐flow facies. The data presented here, coupled with modern examples of ephemeral systems and flood regimes, suggest that ephemeral flow produces and preserves distinctive sedimentological traits that can not only be recognized in outcrops, but also within core.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sedimentology of an ephemeral fluvial–aeolian succession

Priddy

Clarke

2020

Sedimentology

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“…Each of these elements is dominated by fine to medium‐grained sandstone of aeolian origin that has been blown off coeval dune fields, reworked and transported by the fluvial system (Priddy & Clarke, 2020). Coeval aeolian systems are a typical feature of many modern arid ephemeral fluvial basins (Veiga et al ., 2002; Al‐Masrahy & Mountney, 2015; Formolo Ferronatto et al ., 2019; Reis et al ., 2019; Coronel et al ., 2020) and many preserved examples of arid fluvial strata contain significant proportions of aeolian sediment (Langford, 1989; Clarke & Rendell, 1998; Bullard & Livingstone, 2002; Field et al ., 2009). This relationship could be recognized as a characteristic of dryland ephemeral fluvial systems.…”

Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation in the sedimentary architecture of a dryland fluvial system

Priddy

Clarke

2021

Sedimentology

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Ancient dryland terminal fluvial systems are often recognized within the rock record for having a progressive downstream decrease in the size and amalgamation of channel elements and systematic downstream increase in sheet and overbank elements, alongside the downstream decrease in grain size that is displayed by most fluvial systems. The spatial distribution and downstream trends displayed by the fluvial sediments of the Lower Jurassic Kayenta Formation of south-western USA, have been examined quantitatively. The results indicate many trends that are similar to those of a dryland terminal fluvial system, including; a lack of confinement of the fluvial system, a downstream decrease in channel and sheet element amalgamation and width-to-thickness ratios, a downstream decrease in grain size, albeit very small, and an increase in the percentage of overbank elements downstream. However, the study highlights several downstream relationships that are atypical. While some of these relationships may be the result of external factors inherent in this study, others, including the thicknesses of channelfill and sheet elements that display no significant relationships to distance downstream, and channel-fill elements that display no significant variation in average grain size with distance downstream, may be a consequence of fluvial interaction with a competing and coeval aeolian system. This work demonstrates the inherent complexity in arid dryland fluvial systems and the downstream architectural and compositional relationships that they depict. Consequently, models for fluvial style may provide only a first-order approximation for downstream trends in dryland systems, because the controlling factors upon these systems are inherently difficult to unravel, and the sedimentary detail is strongly dependent upon external setting and internal complexity. Consequently, a generalized model may not always be applicable to these systems.

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“…Quartz grains are commonly well‐rounded (Fig. 4D and F), a texture typical of aeolian sand (Dott, 2003; Resentini et al ., 2018) that indicates reworking of Lower Cretaceous Botucatu quartzarenites (Reis et al ., 2019; Bertolini et al ., 2020). Quartz represents 11% of Yacutuiá River sand (Fig.…”

Section: Mud Sand and Gravel Generation In Large Igneous Provincesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand and mud generation from continental flood basalts in contrasting landscapes and climatic conditions (Paraná–Etendeka conjugate igneous provinces, Uruguay and Namibia)

et al. 2021

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This article presents a detailed petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical study of clay, silt, sand and fine gravel generated in the Paran a-Etendeka large igneous province, once united and today exposed in contrasting climatic and orographic conditions on conjugate sides of the Atlantic Ocean. The comparison between low-relief wetter Uruguay and steeper hyper-dry Namibia allows to investigate the influence of weathering on basalt-derived sediments spanning in grain size from <2 lm to >2000 lm. In Namibia, as in Uruguay, X-ray diffraction analyses of mud samples from streams draining basaltic lavas show only smectitic clay minerals. Macroscopic and microscopic observations indicate that sand is composed in variable proportions of glassy to lathwork volcanic rock fragments, plagioclase and augitic clinopyroxene with minor pigeonite, and gravel dominantly consists of volcanic clasts with chalcedony or quartz geodes occurring locally. Geochemical data highlight the strong grain-size dependence of weathering intensity. Whereas fine gravel closely reflects source-rock composition in both Namibia and Uruguay, and mobile elements in sand are moderately depleted, a Al E indices increase notably in silt and reach maximum in clay, with mobility sequence Na >> Ca ≥ Mg > Sr > K. Differences in sand versus mud generation potential in the two regions are prominent. Namibian rivers draining the dry Etendeka Plateau carry purely volcaniclastic sand, whereas streams draining even exclusively the Paran a lava field carry sediments containing invariably significant and even overwhelming amounts of recycled quartz, testifying to the much greater sand-generation potential of the very-locallyexposed underlying, interbedded or overlying quartz-rich sandstones and loess deposits. Smectite is dominant throughout the Uruguay River catchment, even in the lower course where sand is pure quartzose and pyroxene negligible. A comparison with basaltic provinces worldwide indicates that, especially in low-relief wet regions where weathering is intense, basalt generates gravel, very minor sand and abundant smectite. Kaolinite forms where chemical leaching is extreme.

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Sedimentology of the proximal portion of a large-scale, Upper Jurassic fluvial-aeolian system in Paraná Basin, southwestern Gondwana

Abstract: Sedimentology of the proximal portion of a large-scale, Upper Jurassic fluvial-aeolian system in Paraná Basin, southwestern GondwanaAdriano Domingos dos Reis a,#

Cited by 24 publications

References 72 publications

The sedimentology of an ephemeral fluvial–aeolian succession

The sedimentology of an ephemeral fluvial–aeolian succession

Spatial variation in the sedimentary architecture of a dryland fluvial system

Sand and mud generation from continental flood basalts in contrasting landscapes and climatic conditions (Paraná–Etendeka conjugate igneous provinces, Uruguay and Namibia)

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