Sediments of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea, DSDP Leg 38

White, S.W.

doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.38394041s.117.1978

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It has a sharp contact with the overlying, upper Eocene diatom ooze and muddy diatom ooze, and grades downcore into lower Eocene terrigenous gray muds, which are locally sandy, calcareous, or zeolitic. The glauconite replaces both micro fossils and fecal pellets (White, 1978), similar to the process of origin observed at Site 642. Caston (1976) interpreted the localized development of glauconite as evidence of a signifi cant variation in depositional environment at Site 338, and con cludes that the glauconitic sands represent lower Eocene sediment partially reworked during a mid-Eocene hiatus.…”

Section: Site 642mentioning

confidence: 52%

“…At Site 338, this time is represented by Unit 2A, the middle-to-upper Mio cene muddy diatom ooze described earlier, and the basal, car bonate-rich portion of Pliocene-Pleistocene Unit 1 (Talwani, . Attempts at lithologic correlations be tween the Site 642 and the Leg 38 results are complicated by three factors: the possible presence of a major middle to late Miocene hiatus at Site 642, the difficulty in separating Pliocene from Pliocene-Pleistocene deposits in the Leg 38 data (Caston, 1976), and the possible occurrence of a middle-to-late Miocene through Pliocene-Pleistocene hiatus at Site 338 (White, 1978). No major upper Miocene carbonates, equivalent to Unit IIC at Site 642, are obvious at Site 338.…”

Section: Unit IImentioning

confidence: 99%

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Site 642: Norwegian Sea

Eldholm¹,

Thiede²,

Taylor³

1987

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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♦REMARKS: Although 110 cores were taken, Cores 104-642E-1W and -642E-2W are wash cores and Core 104-642E-49B is bit samples. They are treated only as samples and excluded in the core-recovery calculation. SITE 642 SUMMARY IntroductionODP Site 642 is located at the outer Vriring Plateau, east of magnetic anomaly 24B and over the inner part of the wedge of the seaward-dipping reflector sequence. Coring at Site 642 re covered a volcanic sequence consisting of two main units below a cover of predominantly pelagic-hemipelagic Neogene and Qua ternary sediments. A total of five holes were drilled at the site. These are:642A. 1 APC core, 1.3-10.8 mbsf, 642B. 25 APC cores, 0-221.1 mbsf, 642C. 24 APC cores, 0-199.6 mbsf, 642D. 18 XCB and 2 NCB cores, 189.9-329.9 mbsf, and 642E. 107 R cores, 322.5-1229.4 mbsf.The results of coring these holes, all of which are located within 450 m of each other, are summarized in a single lithostratigraphic column (Fig. 1 The high recovery and quality of the cores, the microfossil as semblages, and paleomagnetic record make the drilled sequence an excellent late Cenozoic reference section at high latitudes. In addi tion, about 50 discrete ash layers document adjacent North Atlantic (probably Icelandic) volcanism. The pelagic and hemipelagic Neo gene and Quaternary sediments allow us to describe the depositional environment and the properties of surface and bottom-water masses during times of late Cenozoic glacial/interglacial climatic fluctua tions (possibly lasting 4.5 m.y), as well as during the "preglacial" timespan when the Norwegian Sea was filled with temperate to sub polar water masses.Seismic data, as well as physical properties measurements and their correlations, reveal a low seismic velocity, about 1.6 km/s, for the sedimentary section. The major intrasedimentary marker at the plateau appears to be of early or basal Miocene age, indicating that the seismic stratigraphy established by earlier studies may have to be reevaluated.The entire volcanic section contains 137 volcanic flows, 59 volca niclastic sediment layers, and seven units that may be dikes. The se quence can be divided into upper and lower series that are distinctive in the textural, mineralogical, chemical, and structural characteris tics of the flows as well as in the compositions of interlayered volca niclastic sediments. The entire series was deposited under terrestrial conditions. In the seismic record these series are separated by a band of low-frequency reflectors, the first of which is denoted "K." The upper volcanic series composes the seaward-dipping reflector sequence at the outer Wring Plateau. 315-1093 mbsf. Middle(?)/Early EoceneThe upper series consists of 120 tholeiitic basalt flows. Their composition suggests an affinity with the basalts of the North At lantic Paleogene volcanic province. Two varieties of flows, fine-and medium-grained, which differ in quantitative mineral content, gran ularity, internal flow fabric, and average thickness have been ob served. Interlayered volcaniclastic sediments, whi...

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Section: Site 642mentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Unit IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Site 642: Norwegian Sea

Eldholm¹,

Thiede²,

Taylor³

1987

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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“…These sediments are composed of mixtures of montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite, and chlorite, with montmorillonite dominating (White, 1976). Consequently, they are not unlike the Guatemalan sediments with respect to clay mineral composition.…”

Section: Implications Of Plasticity For Sediment Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity Characteristics of the Quaternary Sediments of the Guatemalan Continental Slope, Middle America Trench, and Cocos PlateLeg 67, Deep Sea Drilling Project

Faas¹

1982

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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The plasticity characteristics of the Quaternary sediments of the Guatemalan continental margin were determined from five sites drilled during Leg 67 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. The 64 samples analyzed are from various marine environments, including the Cocos Plate, Middle America Trench, and the trench lower slope to midslope of the Guatemalan continental slope. The sediments are primarily hemipelagic muds and trench-fill turbidites and include quantities of siliceous and calcareous biogenic components. The sediments are generally classified as organic clays of medium to high plasticity, containing micaceous sands and silts, with 14% classed as inorganic clays of medium to high plasticity. High sedimentation rates in Quaternary sediments are the result, in part, of sediment gravity flows that depend upon rheological properties, i.e., sediment plasticity. Mudflows and cohesive debris flows appear to be significant downslope transport mechanisms in these highly plastic sediments.

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“…The compositional data alone pro vide a more detailed provenance record for the Vdring Plateau than those developed by White (1978b) and Emelyanov, Blazchisin, et al (1978), but are limited because individual minerals are not necessarily diagnostic of particular source lithologies or weathering patterns. To clarify the provenance history, princi pal-components analysis of the mineral abundance data is used to outline source area compositions, which are interpreted to re flect combinations of source rock lithology and weathering re gime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correlative sediments at Site 338 contained slightly more illite and correspondingly less smec tite. White (1978b) used the compositional data, together with other information, to interpret the depositional history of the Wring Plateau, but he identified sediment provenance in only a general manner. He concluded that Paleocene sediments proba bly reflect terrigenous influx from Norway as well as erosion off the early rifted boundary of the Norwegian Sea, while younger sediments may record a relative uplift of Norway during the Ter tiary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk Mineralogy of Nonbiogenic Sediments from ODP Sites 642 and 643, Norwegian Sea: Implications for Sediment Provenance and Recycling

Krissek¹

1989

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Bulk mineralogy of the nonbiogenic fraction of 61 samples from ODP Sites 642 and 643 in the Norwegian-Green land Sea has been determined by X-ray diffraction, using an internal standard method. These data were used to investi gate patterns of sediment provenance (source rock lithology and weathering). Important phases are smectite, chlorite, illite, kaolinite, quartz, and plagioclase feldspar. At both sites, smectite abundances increase downcore, while quartz and illite abundances decrease. Kaolinite, chlorite, and plagioclase feldspar abundances are variable throughout the length of the cores. These compositional changes suggest that moderately-weathered acidic source rocks become more important in younger sediments. The acidic source replaces a basic source that is dominant near the base of each sec tion. Kaolinite was recycled from Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks and paleosols, while variable chlorite abundances record heterogeneity of source lithology and weathering regime on the Scandinavian landmass.By means of principal-components analysis of the mineral abundance data we have identified four major source areas that supplied sediments to these sites. Source area compositions and their relative influences through time are sim ilar to the provenance record interpreted from mineral abundances. A paleoclimatic history inferred from the prove nance record compares favorably with other records interpreted previously from marine micropaleontologic and terres trial palynologic data from this area.

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Sediments of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea, DSDP Leg 38

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Site 642: Norwegian Sea

Site 642: Norwegian Sea

Plasticity Characteristics of the Quaternary Sediments of the Guatemalan Continental Slope, Middle America Trench, and Cocos PlateLeg 67, Deep Sea Drilling Project

Bulk Mineralogy of Nonbiogenic Sediments from ODP Sites 642 and 643, Norwegian Sea: Implications for Sediment Provenance and Recycling

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Sediments of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea, DSDP Leg 38

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Site 642: Norwegian Sea

Site 642: Norwegian Sea

Plasticity Characteristics of the Quaternary Sediments of the Guatemalan Continental Slope, Middle America Trench, and Cocos PlateLeg 67, Deep Sea Drilling Project

Bulk Mineralogy of Nonbiogenic Sediments from ODP Sites 642 and 643, Norwegian Sea: Implications for Sediment Provenance and Recycling

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Plasticity Characteristics of the Quaternary Sediments of the Guatemalan Continental Slope, Middle America Trench, and Cocos PlateLeg 67, Deep Sea Drilling Project