SEED DORMANCY BREAKING TREATMENTS FORAFRICAN PURSLANE (Zaleya pentandra)

Munawar, Sana; Naeem, Muhammad; Ali, Hafiz Haider; Jamil, Moazzam; Iqbal, Muhammad; Nazir, Munazza; Balal, Rashad Mukhtar; Safdar, M.E.

doi:10.1590/s0100-83582015000400001

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They noted that the different concentrations used had variable responses among the varieties. Munawar et al (2015) reported that treatment of seeds with dry heat completely suppressed germination. However, Seshu and Dadlani (1991) reported that dry heat was effective in breaking dormancy on rice seed.…”

Section: Discussmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viability and Dormancy of Rice Seeds after Storage and Pre-Treatment with Dry Heat and Chemical Agents

Mutinda¹,

Muthomi²,

Kimani³

et al. 2017

JAS

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Inappropriate seed packaging and seed dormancy affects seed quality and consequently leads to reduced crop stand, low seedling vigour and reduced yields. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of seed packaging material and seed treatment on viability and dormancy in rice seeds. Effect of packaging material was evaluated by storing freshly harvested seeds of Basmati 370 and BW 196 varieties in polythene, khaki, cheese cloth, polypropylene (Pp) sack and gunny bag sat room temperature and at 6 o C for six months. Effect of seed treatment on dormancy was determined by pre-treatment of seeds with nitric acid at 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.5 M, 1 M and 2 M, gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) at 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm and 5000 ppm, and hydrogen peroxide at 0.5 M, 1 M, 2 M, 3 M, 5 M and dry heat at 50 o C for 48 hours. The seeds were subjected to germination test on moist paper and data on percentage germination, seedling length and seedling dry weight were taken. Packaging material had a significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on germination and vigour. At room temperature, seed stored in polythene bag had the highest germination 88.2% and 57.8% for BW 196 and Basmati 370, respectively. Basmati 370 in khaki bag stored in the cold room had the highest germination 48.3%, while BW 196 stored in polythene had the highest (86.0%). Pre-treatment of seeds reduced dormancy, with variety BW 196 showing the highest germination of up to 67%, while variety Basmati 370 had the lowest germination of up to 40%. Gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) at 5000 ppm was the most effective in breaking seed dormancy resulting in up to 95.7% germination. The results of the study indicated that packaging rice seed in polythene bags for periods not exceeding six months and pre-treatment with GA 3 maintains high seed viability and breaks dormancy, respectively, thus ensuring rapid and uniform germination of vigorous seedlings. This would reduce the period farmers have to wait after harvest before they can plant newly harvested rice seeds.

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Section: Discussmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viability and Dormancy of Rice Seeds after Storage and Pre-Treatment with Dry Heat and Chemical Agents

Mutinda¹,

Muthomi²,

Kimani³

et al. 2017

JAS

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“…The seeds of Ruschia spinosa and Drosanthemum asperulum germinate fast, whereas R. tenella seeds germinate gradually. Delayed germination has been reported in Sesuvium portulacastrum ( Martínez et al., 1992 ; Lonard and Judd, 1997 ), Trianthema portulacastrum ( Tanveer et al., 2013 ), Zaleya pentandra ( Munawar et al., 2015 ), and all of them have a thick seed coat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of seed characters and of dispersal modes in Aizoaceae

Sukhorukov

Nilova²,

Kushunina³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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The family Aizoaceae includes ~1880 species and is one of the more diverse groups within Caryophyllales, particularly in arid areas in the western part of southern Africa. Most species are dwarf succulent-leaf shrubs. In response to the harsh climatic conditions prevalent where they occur, many representatives have evolved special reproductive adaptations. These include hygrochastic capsules (mostly found in Mesembryanthemoideae and Ruschioideae), burr-like indehiscent and one-seeded, winged diaspores, and fast germination of seeds after rain. We focused on anatomical features, evolutionary trends, and the ecological significance of various morpho-anatomical structures found in the seeds. The seeds of 132 species from 61 genera were studied, and 18 diagnostic characters were discovered. All studied characters were compared with those of other families from core Caryophyllales. The seed notch and embryo shape were added to the list of characteristics distinguishing major clades within the family. In addition, the presence of longitudinal ridges and a keel on the seed are additional characters of Aizooideae and combined Ruschioideae-Apatesieae, respectively. Puzzle-like borders of testa cells are a common trait in Ruschioideae and Mesembryanthemoideae. Most taxa in Aizoaceae have a thin seed coat, which is the ancestral state within the family. This may facilitate fast germination. We observed several shifts to a medium-thick or thick seed coat in members of Ruschioideae and Acrosanthoideae. These inhabit fire-prone environments (in vegetation types known as fynbos and renosterveld), where the thickened seed coat may protect against damage by fire. Multi-seeded fruits are the ancestral state within Aizoaceae, with several shifts to one-(two-)seeded xerochastic fruits. The latter are dispersed via autochory, zoochory, or anemochory. This trait has evolved mainly in less succulent subfamilies Acrosanthoideae, Aizooideae, and Sesuvioideae. In highly succulent subfamilies Ruschioideae and Mesembryanthemoideae, fruits are almost exclusively multi-seeded and hygrochastic with ombrohydrochoric dispersal. A reduction in the number of seeds within a dispersal unit is rare. Within Apatesieae and Ruschieae, there are also a few unusual genera whose fruits fall apart into one- to two-seeded mericarps (that are mainly dispersed by wind).

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“…Factors like lack of natural predators, habitat degradation, adaptive nature of alien environments, inherited plant attributes for rapid growth, high seed output, diverse seed dispersal modes, phenotypic plasticity, genetic diversity, resistance to various environmental stresses, staggered seed dormancy and allelopathic nature has favored the invasion potential of these weed species in Pakistan (Marwat et al, 2010;Ali et al, 2011Ali et al, , 2012Nasim and Shabbir, 2012;Rashid et al, 2014;Munawar et al, 2015). These weeds pose threat to abundance and diversity of local flora and fauna, adversely effecting ecosystem functioning (Khan et al, 2011;Bajwa et al, 2016).…”

Section: Invasive Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and prospects for weed management in Pakistan: A review

et al. 2020

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Weed management has become increasingly important in the backdrop of sustainable crop production, uncertain climatic patterns and food security concerns in Pakistan. Due to diverse agro-climatic conditions, 267 weed species have been identified to be responsible for causing monetary loss worth 3 billion USD annually. Weed competition for resources, interference with crops, weed-related increased incidence of pests and diseases in different crops, and high management costs incurred in controlling weeds make weed management a critical task for the farmers.Moreover, herbicide resistant weeds, labor shortage, higher wages, weed population shifts, changing climatic optima, unavailability of proper and timely inputs, ever increasing threats of invasive weeds, lack of knowledge and training regarding herbicides, and the poor financial resources of the small land holders are major hurdles towards effective weed management in Pakistan. These multi-dimensional problems need holistic line of action with multidisciplinary collaboration. Improved knowledge of weed ecology, biology, genetics and molecular biology is essential for developing sustainable weed control practices. Some advances are already commercialized, and others are in the process of development. Advancements like vision guided machines for site-specific weed management, recognition and application modules, development of air inclusion nozzles, nanoherbicides, water based formulations with fewer hydrocarbons, herbicide-resistant transgenic crops, robotics to monitor and spray weeds, decision support systems and predictive modeling can be adopted to foster modern weed management in the country. Various conventional weed management approaches like narrow row spacing, row orientation, increased

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SEED DORMANCY BREAKING TREATMENTS FORAFRICAN PURSLANE (Zaleya pentandra)

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Viability and Dormancy of Rice Seeds after Storage and Pre-Treatment with Dry Heat and Chemical Agents

Viability and Dormancy of Rice Seeds after Storage and Pre-Treatment with Dry Heat and Chemical Agents

Evolution of seed characters and of dispersal modes in Aizoaceae

Challenges and prospects for weed management in Pakistan: A review

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