Seed-Germination Patterns in Fire-Prone Mediterranean-Climate Regions

Keeley, Jon E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2490-7_10

Cited by 102 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…We have confirmed that wildfire, in no case, directly increases the germination rate of Q. robur, Q. pyrenaica and Q. ilex (through high temperatures, ash, smoke or charcoal) and, thus, the recruitment of new individuals is independent of fire. This is in agreement with the conclusions of Keeley [21] about the regenerative strategies of species from the genus Quercus. According to the classification of fire survival forms by Trabaud [50] and taking into account the type of resprout, Q. robur, Q. pyrenaica and Q. ilex are Pyrogeophyte species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Based on this information, it is necessary to distinguish between the species of Quercus that are only resistant to wildfires (Q. robur) and the species that in addition are benefited by them (Q. ilex). Therefore, it can be said that Q. robur is a species with disturbance-free recruitment and that Q. ilex is a disturbance-dependent recruitment species: immediate post-fire, according to the classification of Keeley [21]. In order to include Q. pyrenaica in one of these two groups it is firstly necessary to determine whether it has auto-allelopathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed germination ofQuercus robur, q. pyrenaicaandq. ilexand the effects of smoke, heat, ash and charcoal

Reyes

Casal

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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-This study is centred on Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica and Q. ilex that have a distribution area covering all Europe. Fire is a frequent ecological factor in many ecosystems, especially in those with Mediterranean climates. Our working hypothesis is that fire affects the germination process. An experiment was carried out testing the following treatments: Control, Smoke-5 min, Smoke-10min, Smoke-15 min, 60 ºC-5 min, 60°C-15 min, 90 ºC-5 min, 110 ºC-5 min, 150 ºC-5 min, Ash, Ash Dilution and Charcoal. The seed incubation was spread over a year. The germination rates of the Control are very high, especially in Q. ilex. Almost none of the treatments inhibit germination and only the Q. ilex seeds, when subjected to 150 ºC-5 min, show a marked inhibition. Q. robur and Q. pyrenaica take a year to complete their germination, while Q. ilex only takes 22 weeks. Probably, this reproductive behaviour is related to the climate characteristics to which the species have become adapted. Finally, fire does not determine the germination process, the recruitment of new individuals being independent of fire.Quercus / germination / fire / reproductive strategies / seeds Résumé -Germination de Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica et Q. ilex et effets de la fumée, de la chaleur, des cendres et des charbons. Cette étude est axée sur : Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica et Q. ilex, espèces qui sont représentées dans l'ensemble de l'Europe. Le feu est un facteur écologique fréquent dans de nombreux écosystèmes, spécialement ceux bénéficiant d'un climat méditerranéen. Notre présupposé est que le feu affecte le processus de germination. Nous avons réalisé une expérience destinée à tester les traitements suivants : témoin, fumée -5 min, fumée -10 min, fumée -15 min, 60º C-5 min, 60 ºC-15 min, 90 ºC-5 min, 110 ºC-5 min, 150 ºC-5 min, cendres, dilution de cendres et charbons. L'incubation des semences s'est étendue sur une année. Les taux de germination du traitement témoin sont très élevés, particulièrement en ce qui concerne Q. ilex. Presque aucun traitement n'inhibe la germination ; seules les semences de Q. ilex manifestent une inhibition marquée lorsqu'elles sont soumises à 150 ºC-5 min. Une année est nécessaire pour que les semences de Q. robur et Q. pyrenaica complètent leur germination, alors que 22 semaines suffisent au Q. ilex. Il est probable que ce comportement reproductif se trouve lié aux caractéristiques climatiques auxquelles ces espèces se sont adaptées. En définitive, le feu n'est pas déterminant dans le processus de germination, l'apparition de nouveaux individus étant indépendante de ce phénomène.Quercus / germination / feu / stratégies de reproduction / graines

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination ofQuercus robur, q. pyrenaicaandq. ilexand the effects of smoke, heat, ash and charcoal

Reyes

Casal

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…Dormant seeds will not germinate when exposed to appropriate temperature and moisture conditions (Keeley 1995). Dormancy is maintained by environmental Chapter 2: Fire Autecology Miller conditions such as high and low temperature, low moisture, and inadequate amounts or quality of light (Baskin and Baskin 1989); or it can be imposed by an impermeable seed coat (Stone and Juhren 1953).…”

Section: Fire Stimulated Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildland fire in ecosystems: effects of fire on flora

Brown¹,

Smith²

2000

301

156

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_____________________________________This state-of-knowledge review about the effects of fire on flora and fuels can assist land managers with ecosystem and fire management planning and in their efforts to inform others about the ecological role of fire. Chapter topics include fire regime classification, autecological effects of fire, fire regime characteristics and postfire plant community developments in ecosystems throughout the United States and Canada, global climate change, ecological principles of fire regimes, and practical considerations for managing fire in an ecosytem context.

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“…The area is characterized by a Mediterranean-type climate with short, wet winters and long, dry summers (Cowling, 1992;Day et al, 1979). Recurrent summer-fires (approximately every 10 to 15 years) often clear vast areas (more than 4 000 hectares) of nearly all the above-ground fynbos biomass (Day et al, 1979;Kruger et al, 2000;Southey, 2009) and most plants either re-sprout or recruit from seeds stored in the soil (Keeley, 1995;Wilgen et al, 1992). In the case of serotinous Protea species, mature plants are killed by fire, but their survival is governed by the seeds released from above-ground seed-storage structures (infructescences) that form after flowers mature (Rebelo, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-distance dispersal and recolonization of a fire-destroyed niche by a mite-associated fungus

et al. 2015

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The Fynbos Biome in the Core Cape Subregion of South Africa is prone to recurrent fires that can clear vast areas of vegetation. Between periods of fire, ophiostomatoid fungi colonize the fruiting structures of serotinous Protea species through arthropod-mediated dispersal. Using microsatellite markers, this study considered the process whereby a Protea-associated ophiostomatoid fungus, Knoxdaviesia proteae, recolonizes a burnt area. The genetic diversity, composition and structure of fungal populations from young P. repens plants in a recently burnt area were compared to populations from the adjacent, unburnt Protea population. The only difference between K. proteae populations from the two areas was found in the number of private alleles, which was significantly higher in the unburnt population. The population structure, although weak, indicated that most K. proteae 1 individuals from recently burnt areas originated from the unburnt population. However, individuals from unsampled source populations were also detected. This, together with the lack of isolation-by-distance across the landscape, suggested that long-distance dispersal is important for K. proteae to recolonize burnt areas. Similarly, the high level of gene flow and low differentiation observed between two distantly separated K. proteae populations also supported the existence of long-distance dispersal. The genetic cohesiveness of populations over long distances and the genetic diversity within populations could be attributed to frequent multiple fungal migration events mediated primarily by arthropods but, potentially, also by birds.

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Seed-Germination Patterns in Fire-Prone Mediterranean-Climate Regions

Cited by 102 publications

References 146 publications

Seed germination ofQuercus robur, q. pyrenaicaandq. ilexand the effects of smoke, heat, ash and charcoal

Seed germination ofQuercus robur, q. pyrenaicaandq. ilexand the effects of smoke, heat, ash and charcoal

Wildland fire in ecosystems: effects of fire on flora

Long-distance dispersal and recolonization of a fire-destroyed niche by a mite-associated fungus

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