Seed transmission of raspberry bushy dwarf virus is blocked in Nicotiana benthamiana plants by preventing virus entry into the embryo from the infected embryo sac and endosperm

Isogai, Masamichi; Yoshikoshi, Mizuna; Seki, Kentaro; Masuko-Suzuki, Hiromi; Watanabe, Masao; Matsuo, Kazuyuki; Yaegashi, Hajime

doi:10.1007/s00705-023-05767-w

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 63 publications

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“…It is possible that these differences are attributable to biological differences between the two host species under consideration, such as differences in the abilities of the evaluated viruses to successfully invade Pyrus and Malus embryos. An example of this phenomenon was reported for raspberry bushy dwarf virus, which is capable of seed transmission in red raspberry, but is incapable of seed transmission in Nicotiana benthamiana due to an inability to invade the embryo, though the mechanism preventing embryo invasion is not known [ 39 ]. Although the evolutionary distance between the Malus and Pyrus genera is certainly much smaller than between red raspberry ( Rubus ) and Nicotiana , the possibility of differential virus-host interactions within Malus and Pyrus cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses of Apple Are Seedborne but Likely Not Vertically Transmitted

Wunsch,

Hoff,

Sazo

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Many viruses occur in apple (Malus domestica (Borkh.)), but no information is available on their seed transmissibility. Here, we report that six viruses infecting apple trees, namely, apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), apple green crinkle-associated virus (AGCaV), apple rubbery wood virus 2 (ARWV2), apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), and citrus concave gum-associated virus (CCGaV) occur in seeds extracted from apple fruits produced by infected maternal trees. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assays revealed the presence of these six viruses in untreated apple seeds with incidence rates ranging from 20% to 96%. Furthermore, ASPV was detected by RT-PCR in the flesh and peel of fruits produced by infected maternal trees, as well as from seeds extracted from apple fruits sold for fresh consumption. Finally, a large-scale seedling grow-out experiment failed to detect ACLSV, ASGV, or ASPV in over 1000 progeny derived from sodium hypochlorite surface sterilized seeds extracted from fruits produced by infected maternal trees, suggesting no detectable transmission via embryonic tissue. This is the first report on the seedborne nature of apple-infecting viruses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%