Segmented Filamentous Bacteria-Like Organisms in Histological Slides of Ileo-Cecal Valves in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Caselli, Michele; Tosini, Dalila; Gafà, Roberta; Gasbarrini, Antonio; Lanza, Giovanni

doi:10.1038/ajg.2013.61

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…SFB was also found highly coated with IgA, which turned out as a marker of colitogenic microbes23. Moreover, though not usually found in grown-up animals or adult human, there are case reports providing evidence that SFB could be detected at certain inflammatory sites both in UC and CD patients4344. Our finding reinforces the notion that SFB, though not able to cause intestinal inflammation on its own, could be part of the pathogenesis42.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Low-dose penicillin exposure in early life decreases Th17 and the susceptibility to DSS colitis in mice through gut microbiota modification

Jin

Zhao

Cai

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Antibiotic exposure in early life can lead to a significant change of the gut microbiota and may contribute to later onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the relationship between early-life antibiotic treatment and IBD is ambiguous, according to contradicting results of epidemiologic studies. In the present study, we demonstrated that low-dose penicillin pre-treatment had a unique protective effect against mouse colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Low-dose penicillin also suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17 in various intestinal tissues, and decreased the amount of Th17 cells in small-intestine lamina propria. Neither metronidazole nor enrofloxacin had a similar effect. We further confirmed that low-dose penicillin could cause specific changes of the gut microbiota, especially the eradication of segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB). Mice without SFB inoculation showed no disparity when treated with penicillin or water. Taken together, the results showed that low-dose penicillin can achieve a highly specific manipulation of sensitive bacteria and interfere with development of intestinal immune system in early life. The study may further indicate the possibility of achieving a favorable immune state among a certain group of patients with IBD, or other autoimmune diseases, by fine-tuning the gut microbiota.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Low-dose penicillin exposure in early life decreases Th17 and the susceptibility to DSS colitis in mice through gut microbiota modification

Jin

Zhao

Cai

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…A complex microbial community was insufficient for generating a robust population of Th17 cells in the gut of SPF mice lacking SFB (9, 10) and gnotobiotic mice colonized long term with human fecal contents (42). Although SFB has been detected in multiple vertebrate species (43), there exists only sparse evidence of a related microbe colonizing humans (43)(44)(45)(46). A recent study showed that a consortium of 20 symbionts from the feces of an IBD patient could induce Th17 cells in mice but failed to identify the active microbes in healthy people (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying species of symbiont bacteria from the human gut that, alone, can induce intestinal Th17 cells in mice

Tan

Sefik

Geva‐Zatorsky

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

365

287

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Th17 cells accrue in the intestine in response to particular microbes. In rodents, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) induce intestinal Th17 cells, but analogously functioning microbes in humans remain undefined. Here, we identified human symbiont bacterial species, in particular Bifidobacterium adolescentis, that could, alone, induce Th17 cells in the murine intestine. Similar to SFB, B. adolescentis was closely associated with the gut epithelium and engendered cognate Th17 cells without attendant inflammation. However, B. adolescentis elicited a transcriptional program clearly distinct from that of SFB, suggesting an alternative mechanism of promoting Th17 cell accumulation. Inoculation of mice with B. adolescentis exacerbated autoimmune arthritis in the K/BxN mouse model. Several off-the-shelf probiotic preparations that include Bifidobacterium strains also drove intestinal Th17 cell accumulation.

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“…Even though it seems that some bacterial classes (e.g., Clostridia 37 , 40 ) might be more potent than others in inducing intestinal Treg it has to be kept in mind that even segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), which are the prototypical inducers of intestinal Th17 cells, induce Treg 41 , 42 . Although the existence of SFB in humans is controversial, SFB-like organisms have been described in Ulcerative Colitis patients 43 and therefore the biological effects of SFB may also be relevant in humans. Probiotic species have also been implicated in the induction of intestinal Treg cells.…”

Section: Immune Adaptations In Response To Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interplay between the gut microbiota and the immune system

Geuking¹,

Köller²,

et al. 2014

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The impact of the gut microbiota on immune homeostasis within the gut and, importantly, also at systemic sites has gained tremendous research interest over the last few years. The intestinal microbiota is an integral component of a fascinating ecosystem that interacts with and benefits its host on several complex levels to achieve a mutualistic relationship. Host-microbial homeostasis involves appropriate immune regulation within the gut mucosa to maintain a healthy gut while preventing uncontrolled immune responses against the beneficial commensal microbiota potentially leading to chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Furthermore, recent studies suggest that the microbiota composition might impact on the susceptibility to immune-mediated disorders such as autoimmunity and allergy. Understanding how the microbiota modulates susceptibility to these diseases is an important step toward better prevention or treatment options for such diseases.

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Segmented Filamentous Bacteria-Like Organisms in Histological Slides of Ileo-Cecal Valves in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Cited by 27 publications

References 5 publications

Low-dose penicillin exposure in early life decreases Th17 and the susceptibility to DSS colitis in mice through gut microbiota modification

Low-dose penicillin exposure in early life decreases Th17 and the susceptibility to DSS colitis in mice through gut microbiota modification

Identifying species of symbiont bacteria from the human gut that, alone, can induce intestinal Th17 cells in mice

The interplay between the gut microbiota and the immune system

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