Surface and internal seiches in a rectangular sloping reservoir filled with a double-layer fluid are theoretically and experimentally investigated. The one-dimensional calculations are performed within the framework of the linear shallow-water theory, under the assumption of a long and narrow basin. An analytical solution of the problem is derived for a basin with constant cross-sectional areas in either layer and constant cross-section widths at the free surface and layer-layer interface levels. The one-dimensional model is shown to well describe the oscillation eigenfrequencies and the position of the nodes of the surface and internal seiches.Seiches are standing waves in a closed or half-closed basin. In the nature the seiches are generated by wind setup, variation in the atmospheric pressure, seismic activity, landslides, and other disturbances. The salient feature of these disturbances is that they act for a relatively short time and in the beginning generate traveling waves, usually in the form of moving hydraulic jumps. As a result, the wave pattern in a closed basin for a long time represents the result of superimposed seiches and traveling waves. This distinctive feature of the disturbances is also typical of benchmark experiments.At present, much research, both full-scale and benchmark and theoretical, has been done under the assumption that the fluid density is constant. These seiches are called barotropic (surface), since for them maximum elevations of fluid particles occur on the free surface. A comparison of the theoretical results with the data of a laboratory experiment for barotropic seiches in a channel with sharp variation in the bottom relief is presented in [1]. In density-stratified basins, along with the barotropic seiches, there can exist also baroclinic (internal) seiches in which maximum fluid deviations from the undisturbed state take place within the fluid. The internal seiches have a considerable effect on the transfer and the mixing in the water medium of lakes and seas, which results in the redistribution of chemical and biological substances. An overview of the studies concerned with the internal seiches can be found in [2,3]. The purpose of this study is to experimentally verify a method for calculating barotropic and baroclinic seiche oscillations in the one-dimensional formulation with reference to the example of waves in a rectangular basin with sloping bottom.