Seismic Evidence for the Distribution and Migration of Fluids in Sedimentary Basins

Parnell, John; Schwab, Anne M.

doi:10.1046/j.1468-8123.2003.00074.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Based on their poor seismic signal, lower seismic frequency, higher gas readings, and development above petrolliferous Upper Jurassic basins, zones of vertical chaotic seismic facies within SU1 are interpreted as the seismic expression of focused fluid flow conduits, up which predominantly water in addition to oil and small quantities of gas in solution migrated (cf. Ligtenberg, 2003; Parnell and Schwab, 2003).…”

Section: Seismic Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Temporal constraints on the growth and decay of large‐scale mobilized mud masses and implications for fluid flow mapping in sedimentary basins

Jackson

Stoddart

2005

Terra Nova

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Seismic‐stratigraphic analysis of the Cretaceous to succession of the Uer Terrace, North Sea seabed Basin, Norway, demonstrates that the Upper Oligocene succession has undergone large‐scale mobilization of mudstone‐dominated units due to the upward migration of water and associated hydrocarbons into the interval, which is in some way linked to a period of gas expulsion from adjacent deep basins. Seismic‐stratigraphic analysis of units overlying the mobilized zones indicates they created positive seafloor topography during the Late Miocene implying gaseous fluids were expelled at the seabed. Loading by the overlying Pliocene succession caused the mobilized mud masses to deflate and resulted in the formation of low‐relief, fault‐bounded craters. The results of this study have implications for understanding the location and timing of fluid flow in sedimentary basins.

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Section: Seismic Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Temporal constraints on the growth and decay of large‐scale mobilized mud masses and implications for fluid flow mapping in sedimentary basins

Jackson

Stoddart

2005

Terra Nova

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“…The isotopic values of these cores indicate that the gas is thermogenic (Zhu et al 2008) and support the conclusion that the deep-water region shares the same gas source as the shallow-water area (Zhu et al 2009). Faults, vertical fracture pipes, diapirs, sand injection, hydraulic fractures, and polygonal faults have been widely recognized as primary conduits for fluid migration (Hurst et al 2003;Parnell & Schwab 2003;Cartwright 2007;Hurst & Cartwright 2007;Løseth et al 2009), although how stratigraphic unconformities, structural discordances, and diagenetic deformation serve as pathways for fluid migration is still poorly understood (Campbell 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Faults, vertical fracture pipes, diapirs, sand injection, hydraulic fractures, and polygonal faults have been widely recognized as primary conduits for fluid migration (Hurst et al. 2003; Parnell & Schwab 2003; Cartwright 2007; Hurst & Cartwright 2007; Løseth et al. 2009), although how stratigraphic unconformities, structural discordances, and diagenetic deformation serve as pathways for fluid migration is still poorly understood (Campbell 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical signatures associated with fluid flow and gas hydrate occurrence in a tectonically quiescent sequence, Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

Wang

Shen

et al. 2010

Geofluids

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Interpretation of high-resolution two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) seismic data collected in the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea reveals the presence of polygonal faults, pockmarks, gas chimneys and slope failure in strata of Pliocene and younger age. The gas chimneys are characterized by low-amplitude reflections, acoustic turbidity and low P-wave velocity indicating fluid expulsion pathways. Coherence time slices show that the polygonal faults are restricted to sediments with moderate-amplitude, continuous reflections. Gas hydrates are identified in seismic data by the presence of bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs), which have high amplitude, reverse polarity and are subparallel to seafloor. Mud diapirism and mounded structures have variable geometry and a great diversity regarding the origin of the fluid and the parent beds. The gas chimneys, mud diapirism, polygonal faults and a seismic facies-change facilitate the upward migration of thermogenic fluids from underlying sediments. Fluids can be temporarily trapped below the gas hydrate stability zone, but fluid advection may cause gas hydrate dissociation and affect the thickness of gas hydrate zone. The fluid accumulation leads to the generation of excess pore fluids that release along faults, forming pockmarks and mud volcanoes on the seafloor. These features are indicators of fluid flow in a tectonically-quiescent sequence, Qiongdongnan Basin.

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“…Understanding of fluid distribution at multiple times and length scales in subsurface reservoirs is critical to reservoir characterization, including migration history interpretation, reserves estimation, saturation-height analysis, production optimization, and CO 2 sequestration modeling (Akbar et al, 1994;Parnell and Schwab, 2003;Benson and Cole, 2008). Microscopic fluid distributions determine various saturation-dependent petrophysical properties such as capillary pressure and relative permeability, which directly govern the hydrocarbon recovery processes (Lake, 1996;Peters, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysics Dissertation Abstracts

2013

GEOPHYSICS

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GEOPHYSICS publishes abstracts of dissertations and titles of master's theses both in print and online. Recent graduates are invited to submit their abstracts or titles by completing and submitting the appropriate form found at http://seg.org/ dissertationabstracts. Abstracts and titles will be reviewed and accepted or rejected based on their relevance to the readers of Geophysics. Abstracts must be written in English and defended in 2009 or later.Reservoir description with well-log-based and core-calibrated petrophysical rock classification Chicheng Xu, The University of Texas at Austin Month and year defended: July 2013Bimodal log-normal pore-size distribution functions derived from mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) data are first introduced to characterize complex pore systems in carbonate and tight-gas sandstone reservoirs. Six pore-system attributes are interpreted and integrated to define petrophysical orthogonality or dissimilarity between two pore systems. A simple 3D cubic pore network model constrained by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and MICP data is developed to quantify fluid distributions and phase connectivity for predicting saturation-dependent relative permeability during two-phase drainage.There is rich petrophysical information in spatial fluid distributions resulting from vertical fluid flow on a geologic time scale and radial mud-filtrate invasion on a drilling time scale. Log attributes elicited by such fluid distributions are captured to quantify dynamic reservoir petrophysical properties and define reservoir flow capacity thereby. A new rock classification workflow that reconciles reservoir saturation-height behavior and mud-filtrate for more accurate dynamic reservoir modeling is developed and verified in both clastic and carbonate fields.Rock types vary and mix at the sub-foot scale in heterogeneous reservoirs due to depositional control or diagenetic overprints. Conventional well logs are limited in their ability to probe the details of each individual bed or rock type as seen from outcrops or cores. A bottom-up Bayesian rock typing method is developed to efficiently test multiple working hypotheses against well logs to quantify uncertainty of rock types and their associated petrophysical properties in thinly bedded reservoirs. Concomitantly, a top-down reservoir description workflow is implemented to characterize intermixed or hybrid rock classes from flow-unit scale (or seismic scale) down to the pore scale based on a multiscale orthogonal rock class decomposition approach.Correlations between petrophysical rock types and geologic facies in reservoirs originating from deltaic and turbidite depositional systems are investigated in detail. Emphasis is placed on the cause-and-effect relationship between pore geometry and rock geologic attributes such as grain size and bed thickness. Well-log responses to those geologic attributes and associated pore geometries are subjected to numerical log simulations. Sensitivity of various physical logs to petrophysical orthogonality betw...

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Seismic Evidence for the Distribution and Migration of Fluids in Sedimentary Basins

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Temporal constraints on the growth and decay of large‐scale mobilized mud masses and implications for fluid flow mapping in sedimentary basins

Temporal constraints on the growth and decay of large‐scale mobilized mud masses and implications for fluid flow mapping in sedimentary basins

Geophysical signatures associated with fluid flow and gas hydrate occurrence in a tectonically quiescent sequence, Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

Geophysics Dissertation Abstracts

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