“…For this purpose, the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method (Park et al 1999 , 2001 ; Rix et al 2001 ; Satyam and Rao 2008 ; Naik et al 2021 ) was used to get a high resolution of subsurface strata at shallow depth. Geophysical approaches have been used in the past to check the susceptibility of sites for liquefaction in tectonically active areas (Park et al 2002 ; Yilmaz et al 2006 ; Karastathis et al 2010 ; Rathod 2011 ; Rao and Rathod 2014 ; Satyam and Rao 2014 ). The geophysical field testing was performed at 243 locations to cover the whole study area using Tromino (Micromed s.p.a. 2009 ) provided by the Geotechnical Division of National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, having a frequency range of 0.1–1024 Hz.…”
Section: Geotechnical Geophysical and Ground Response Investigationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although it is preferred to establish the shear wave velocity directly from field experiments, doing so at all site locations is generally not cost-effective. Various empirical relationships for determining shear wave velocity using SPT ( N ) values are known for the Indo-Gangetic area (Rao and Rathod 2014 ; Naik and Patra 2018 ). The geotechnical parameters obtained from consultancies and data obtained from geophysical field testing were integrated for the study region to generate a correlation for all types of soils using regression analysis, as follows: Fig.…”
Section: Geotechnical Geophysical and Ground Response Investigationmentioning
The Jammu Region (JR) in the northwestern Himalayas trigged by medium to high magnitude near-field as well as far-field earthquake events, including the most recent 2019 Mirpur earthquake. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop the zonation map for liquefaction hazard in the JR based on liquefaction potential index (
) and probability of liquefaction (
). To achieve this, factor of safety against liquefaction was estimated using standard penetration test (SPT) data collected from geotechnical consultancies and shear wave velocity measured during field testing at 243 locations, and an integrated liquefaction hazard map generated. The liquefaction features such as sand blows and ground rupture were found in Jatah (Samba district) and Simbal (Jammu district). According to the integrated hazard map, places near the bank of Tawi River and Ravi River in Jammu have young alluvium, making them particularly prone to liquefaction. Liquefaction does not occur in the eastern and western sections because of high shear wave velocities and rock at shallow depth, and it also does not occur in the central area due to thick sand deposits.
values ranged from 0 to 27.45 having very low to very high liquefaction risk.
is greater than 0.75 for sites located on the southwestern side due to uniformly graded soil having extremely low SPT (
N
) and
values. This study will aid site planners in the construction of structures that consider liquefaction mitigation and well-defined liquefaction risk measures.
“…For this purpose, the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method (Park et al 1999 , 2001 ; Rix et al 2001 ; Satyam and Rao 2008 ; Naik et al 2021 ) was used to get a high resolution of subsurface strata at shallow depth. Geophysical approaches have been used in the past to check the susceptibility of sites for liquefaction in tectonically active areas (Park et al 2002 ; Yilmaz et al 2006 ; Karastathis et al 2010 ; Rathod 2011 ; Rao and Rathod 2014 ; Satyam and Rao 2014 ). The geophysical field testing was performed at 243 locations to cover the whole study area using Tromino (Micromed s.p.a. 2009 ) provided by the Geotechnical Division of National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, having a frequency range of 0.1–1024 Hz.…”
Section: Geotechnical Geophysical and Ground Response Investigationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although it is preferred to establish the shear wave velocity directly from field experiments, doing so at all site locations is generally not cost-effective. Various empirical relationships for determining shear wave velocity using SPT ( N ) values are known for the Indo-Gangetic area (Rao and Rathod 2014 ; Naik and Patra 2018 ). The geotechnical parameters obtained from consultancies and data obtained from geophysical field testing were integrated for the study region to generate a correlation for all types of soils using regression analysis, as follows: Fig.…”
Section: Geotechnical Geophysical and Ground Response Investigationmentioning
The Jammu Region (JR) in the northwestern Himalayas trigged by medium to high magnitude near-field as well as far-field earthquake events, including the most recent 2019 Mirpur earthquake. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop the zonation map for liquefaction hazard in the JR based on liquefaction potential index (
) and probability of liquefaction (
). To achieve this, factor of safety against liquefaction was estimated using standard penetration test (SPT) data collected from geotechnical consultancies and shear wave velocity measured during field testing at 243 locations, and an integrated liquefaction hazard map generated. The liquefaction features such as sand blows and ground rupture were found in Jatah (Samba district) and Simbal (Jammu district). According to the integrated hazard map, places near the bank of Tawi River and Ravi River in Jammu have young alluvium, making them particularly prone to liquefaction. Liquefaction does not occur in the eastern and western sections because of high shear wave velocities and rock at shallow depth, and it also does not occur in the central area due to thick sand deposits.
values ranged from 0 to 27.45 having very low to very high liquefaction risk.
is greater than 0.75 for sites located on the southwestern side due to uniformly graded soil having extremely low SPT (
N
) and
values. This study will aid site planners in the construction of structures that consider liquefaction mitigation and well-defined liquefaction risk measures.
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