Seismic Soil Characterization to Estimate Site Effects Induced by Near-Fault Earthquakes: The Case Study of Pizzoli (Central Italy) during the Mw 6.7 2 February 1703, Earthquake

Chiaradonna, Anna; Spadi, Marco; Monaco, Paola Alfonsa Vieira Lo; Papasodaro, Felicia; Tallini, Marco

doi:10.3390/geosciences12010002

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 96 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…In this regard, similar methodologies and the aid of new technology have proven valuable in understanding the possible reasons for past near-fault earthquakes that occurred elsewhere. It is worth mentioning the studies concerning the earthquake mechanisms in the 1703 Central Italy and 2009 L'Aquila (Italy) earthquakes [41,42], or to determine the seismic source characteristics of the 2017 Mw 5.5 Pohang earthquake (Korea) [28 ,43-45] and its relation to the Enhanced Geothermal System exploitation [28,43]. Indeed, modeling techniques still have the debate open whether this event was an induced earthquake [28,46] or just triggered [47].…”

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confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation and Characterization of the Hydrogeomechanical Alterations at the Zafarraya Fault Due to the 1884 Andalusia (Spain) Earthquake

Mudarra-Hernández¹,

Feijóo²,

Sanz-Pérez³

2023

Preprint

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The 1884 Andalusia Earthquake, with an estimated Magnitude between 6.2 and 6.7, is one of the most destructive events that shook the Iberian Peninsula, causing around 1200 casualties. Ac-cording to paleoseismology studies and intensity maps, the earthquake source relates to the nor-mal Ventas de Zafarraya Fault (Granada, Spain). Diverse studies registered and later analyzed hydrological effects, such as landslides, rockfalls, soil liquefaction, all-around surge and loss of springs, alterations in the phreatic level, discharge in springs and brooks, and well levels, along with changes in water properties. Further insight into these phenomena found an interplay be-tween hydro-geomechanical processes and crust surface deformations, conditions, and properties. This study focuses on analyzing and simulating the features involved in the major 1884 event and aims at elucidating the mechanisms concerning the mentioned effects. This ex-post analysis builds on the qualitative effects and visible alterations registered by historical studies. It encompasses conceptual geological and kinematic models, and a 2D finite element simulation to account for the processes undergone by the Zafarraya Fault. The study focuses on the variability of hy-dro-geomechanical features and the time evolution of the ground pore-pressure distribution in both the preseismic and coseismic stages, matching some of the shreds of evidence found by field studies. This methodology can be applied to other events registered in the National Catalogues of Earth-quakes to achieve a deeper insight, further knowledge, and a better understanding of past earth-quakes.

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confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation and Characterization of the Hydrogeomechanical Alterations at the Zafarraya Fault Due to the 1884 Andalusia (Spain) Earthquake

Mudarra-Hernández¹,

Feijóo²,

Sanz-Pérez³

2023

Preprint

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Preliminary findings on the experimental investigation of the small-strain behaviour of Pizzoli silty sand

Chiaradonna,

Monaco

2024

E3S Web of Conf.

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The dynamic properties of soils play a crucial role in solving many geotechnical problems with special attention to earthquake engineering. In particular, the small-strain soil behavior should be accurately reproduced in geotechnical modelling to allow quantifying of the earthquake-induced site response. If the determination of the small-strain shear modulus can be easily inferred from in-situ measurements of shear wave velocity, the small-strain damping ratio of soils is rarely obtained from in-situ tests and it is commonly defined through cyclic or dynamic laboratory tests. This paper describes preliminary findings obtained from a laboratory investigation performed to measure the small-strain dynamic properties of the silty sand deposit of the Pizzoli site (L’Aquila, Italy). Due to the remarkable seismic hazard of the considered area, demonstrated by several seismic events, such as recently the 2009 L’Aquila and the 2016-2017 Central Italy earthquakes, and in the past, the 2 February 1703 earthquake, a specific investigation program including boreholes, geophysical and geotechnical in-situ tests was carried out. Resonant column tests have been also performed at the Geotechnical Laboratory of the University of L’Aquila in both forced and free vibration modes. The interpretation of the results has been used to identify the small-strain shear modulus and damping ratio. The shear modulus as obtained from the laboratory has been compared with that obtained via the existing in-situ shear wave velocity measurements. In contrast, the damping ratio has been compared with the value estimated with a literature relationship proposed for soil deposits of Central Italy.

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Numerical Simulation and Characterization of the Hydromechanical Alterations at the Zafarraya Fault Due to the 1884 Andalusia Earthquake (Spain)

Mudarra-Hernández

Feijóo

Sanz-Pérez

2023

Water

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The 1884 Andalusia Earthquake, with an estimated magnitude between 6.2 and 6.7, is one of the most destructive events that shook the Iberian Peninsula, causing around 1200 casualties. According to paleoseismology studies and intensity maps, the earthquake source relates to the normal Ventas de Zafarraya Fault (Granada, Spain). Diverse studies registered and later analyzed hydrological effects, such as landslides, rockfalls, soil liquefaction, all-around surge and loss of springs, alterations in the phreatic level, discharge in springs and brooks and well levels, along with changes in physical and chemical parameters of groundwater. Further insight into these phenomena found an interplay between hydromechanical processes and crust surface deformations, conditions, and properties. This study focuses on analyzing and simulating the features involved in the major 1884 event and aims at elucidating the mechanisms concerning the mentioned effects. This ex-post analysis builds on the qualitative effects and visible alterations registered by historical studies. It encompasses conceptual geological and kinematic models and a 2D finite element simulation to account for the processes undergone by the Zafarraya Fault. The study focuses on the variability of hydromechanical features and the time evolution of the ground pore–pressure distribution in both the preseismic and coseismic stages, matching some of the shreds of evidence found by field studies. This procedure has helped to shed light on the causal mechanisms and better understand some parameters of this historical earthquake, such as its hypocenter and magnitude. This methodology can be applied to other events registered in the National Catalogues of Earthquakes to achieve a deeper insight, further knowledge, and a better understanding of past earthquakes.

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Seismic Soil Characterization to Estimate Site Effects Induced by Near-Fault Earthquakes: The Case Study of Pizzoli (Central Italy) during the Mw 6.7 2 February 1703, Earthquake

Cited by 3 publications

References 96 publications

Numerical Simulation and Characterization of the Hydrogeomechanical Alterations at the Zafarraya Fault Due to the 1884 Andalusia (Spain) Earthquake

Numerical Simulation and Characterization of the Hydrogeomechanical Alterations at the Zafarraya Fault Due to the 1884 Andalusia (Spain) Earthquake

Preliminary findings on the experimental investigation of the small-strain behaviour of Pizzoli silty sand

Numerical Simulation and Characterization of the Hydromechanical Alterations at the Zafarraya Fault Due to the 1884 Andalusia Earthquake (Spain)

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