Seismocardiography: Toward heart rate variability (HRV) estimation

Abstract

Heart rate variability (HRV), the variation in the beat-to-beat heart rate, is a key indicator of the cardiovascular condition of an individual. The purpose of this study was to crossvalidate the beat-by-beat time variations in seismocardiography (SCG) with electrocardiography (ECG) for determining ultrashort term HRV indices. Twenty healthy young volunteers were examined in this study by performing an ultra-short term data acquisition protocol. Kubios HRV software was utilized to assess the HRV parameters. The HRV indices were analyzed in both time-domain and frequency-domain processes. High linear relationship (r>0.98) and agreement was observed between the HRV indexes calculated from SCG and ECG data. In conclusion, SCG and ECG HRV indices were found to be statistically close enough to warrant the use of SCG for estimating HRV.This full text paper was peer-reviewed at the direction of IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society prior to the acceptance and publication.978-1-4799-6477-2/15/$31.00 ©2015 IEEE

Heart Rate Variability Analysis on Electrocardiograms, Seismocardiograms and Gyrocardiograms on Healthy Volunteers

“…According to observations in Tadi et al study [ 4 ], HRV indices obtained from SCG and ECG signals have strong linear relationship. Because seismocardiography and gyrocardiography are complementary techniques [ 7 ], the correlation between the results of HRV analysis performed on ECG, SCG and GCG signals should be strong.…”

“…The analysis of heart rate variability found its use in the diagnosis of different clinical and functional conditions in the last decade [ 1 , 2 ]. HRV analysis is traditionally performed on inter-beat intervals obtained from the R waves in electrocardiograms [ 3 , 4 ]. The development of high quality, sensitive and inexpensive sensors based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) helped rediscover the clinical potential of the analysis of cardiac vibrations on the chest wall [ 5 , 6 ].…”

“…Technological improvements and miniaturization of accelerometers make seismocardiography a useful non-invasive technique for examining cardiac activity [ 5 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. The applications of SCG include heart monitoring during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan [ 15 , 16 ], monitoring response to cardiac interventions [ 5 ] heart rate variability analysis [ 4 , 13 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], the detection of atrial fibrillation [ 6 , 21 , 22 ], heart failure [ 22 , 23 ] and the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia [ 5 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

“…In 2012 Ramos-Castro et al performed the first HRV analysis on seismocardiograms [ 13 ] and Laurin et al [ 3 ] proved the validity of HRV indices obtained from SCG signal in 2013. Since then, the HRV analysis on seismocardiograms was also performed by Tadi et al [ 4 ], Landreani et al [ 17 , 18 ], Siecinski et al [ 19 , 20 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. The study described by Lahdenoja et al [ 39 ] was the first attempt to perform HRV analysis using GCG signals.…”

Accurate and consistent automatic seismocardiogram annotation without concurrent ECG

“…Such devices have been used to obtain HBi [11][12][13], and the possibility of using SCG to obtain HRV indices has been reported by us [14], and others [13,15]. In these studies, however, the identification algorithms either depended on concurrent R peak identification, or did not report the accuracy of fiducial point identification.…”