Selección cualitativa del esqueje en la sobrevivencia y desarrollo morfogenético de Vanilla planifolia Andrews

Abstract

In Costa Rica, an urgent ex situ national conservation program for V. planifolia is needed due to the rarity, high risk of extinction in the wild and the economic importance; that places it, as the most profitable orchid worldwide. Due to the lack of research about wild species conservation and the importance to evaluate the agronomic performance of the wild-type relatives, as a strategy to increase the reduced genetic variability, the aim of this research was to evaluate the acclimatization capacity and morphogenetic performance of wild V. planifolia under nursery conditions. The effect of two treatments 1) qualitatively selected cuttings according to their phytosanitary quality, mechanical damage and vigorousness and 2) cuttings without selection, were evaluated. Some growth variables were evaluated: survival rate, weight, length, number of nodes of the new and original shoot; number and weight of the roots The survival of the selected cuttings was greater (60%) than those that were not (45%). The morphogenetic responses of the selected explants were statistically significant for all variables evaluated. This is the first time that an initial process of acclimatization and morphogenetic performance with a known genotype individual of V. planifolia, is reported under greenhouse condition, in Costa Rica. Therefore, it is the first attempt to the ex situ conservation of the species as a part of an integrated program focus on the in situ conservation in a systematic and sustainable way, as well as, the first values of the vigorousness to some growth variables out of natural conditions.

Vanilla distribution modeling for conservation and sustainable cultivation in a joint land sparing/sharing concept

“…Their protection started with ex situ conservation programs, which were not as successful as expected, especially for species that are characterized by small and dispersed, genetically distinct populations with low seed viability and complex interspecific relationships within their natural habitat, which is the case for vanilla species (Alomia , Azofeifa‐Bolaños et al. ). High maintenance costs of clonal collections and problems regarding the regeneration of stored material and seed recalcitrance pose additional challenges for the ex situ conservation approach (Pritchard , Braverman ).…”

Sustratos orgánicos en el desarrollo de raíces en esquejes de vainilla ( Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews)

“…El municipio de Huehuetla, Hidalgo tiene zonas para la producción de vainilla, pero se recomienda efectuar modelajes de distribución potencial, considerando variables climáticas y altitud mediante el programa Maxent, como el propuesto por Maceda-Rodríguez et al (2016), así como caracterizar la planta de vainilla local mediante análisis molecular, con la finalidad de establecer un banco de germoplasma, pues cualquier estrategia técnica que evite la disminución de poblaciones silvestres de vainilla es necesaria para salvaguardar los únicos y escasos recursos genéticos que existen (Azofeifa-Bolaños et al 2018).…”

Microhabitat heterogeneity associated with Vanilla spp. and its influences on the microbial community of leaf litter and soil

“…In Costa Rica, the genetic pool of Vanilla represents more than 10% of its diversity worldwide (Azofeifa-Bolaños et al, 2017;Karremans and Lehmann 2018). Despite the economic importance of V. planifolia, little attention has been given to Vanilla crop wild relatives, characterized by small, dispersed, and genetically distinct populations with low seed viability and complex inter-specific relationships within their natural habitats (Alomia et al, 2017;Azofeifa-Bolaños et al, 2018). Characterization of native forest soil and leaf litter microbial communities is an essential first step in the conservation of Vanilla spp.…”