Selected physiological effects of boron compounds for animals and humans. A review

Białek, Małgorzata; Czauderna, M.; Krajewska, Katarzyna; Przybylski, Wiesław

doi:10.22358/jafs/114546/2019

Cited by 46 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…In muscles and mammary glands, Δ9-desaturase (D9D) occurs and in ruminants is responsible for formation of RA from the vaccenic acid (trans11C18:1, VA). [32] The highest value of total and C16:0 D9D was reported in muscles of control group (Table 5) and seems to be the reason of the highest content of CFA, CD, ttCD, ccCD, cctCT in this group (Table 4). On the contrary, indices of Δ4and Δ5-desaturases (D4D and D5D) were significantly higher in muscles of G and GM group, which seem to confirm result of Czauderna et al [24] who reported increasing effect of CLA isomer mixture on these parameters in rats' muscles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…In order to determine the isomers of CFA and their metabolites (CD and CT) by HPLC, four ion-exchange columns loaded with silver ions (Chromspher Lipids 5 mm, 250 Â 4.6 mm) and a photodiode array detector (PDA) were used. [22,23] Total FA profile was determined as methyl esters with addition of nonadecanoic acid (C19:0) as the internal standard (IS). Analysis of methyl fatty acid (FAME) was made by a gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a mass spectrometer (MS) and a capillary-column (BPX70 fused silica column, 120 m Â 0.25 mm Â 0.25 mm).…”

Section: Determination Of Fa Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

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Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Seed Oil and Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) Extract Affect the Lipid's Profile and Oxidative Stability of Femoral Muscles of Rats

Białek

Lepionka

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) and bitter melon extract (BM), used in folk medicine nowadays are available as dietary supplements, but information about consequences of their simultaneous usage are still scarce. This study aims to evaluate the influence of supplementation of rats’ diet with PSO separately or jointly with BM on the fatty acid (FA), cholesterol, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tocopherols concentrations in femoral muscles. Sprague‐Dawley rats (n = 36) are fed control diet (group C) or experimental diets supplemented only with 0.15 ml PSO/day (group G) or together with BM (group GM). After 21 weeks of supplementation, muscles are subjected to either gas (FA and cholesterol) or liquid (conjugated FA, tocopherols, and MDA) chromatographic analyses. Applied diets do not influence negatively health and welfare of animals. Conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) isomers, predominating in PSO, are converted into ct/tc conjugated dienes (CD), with rumenic acid being the main CD, and incorporated into muscles. Supplementation of diet with PSO decreases the cholesterol and MDA contents in muscles. Influence of PSO and BM on activity of desaturases results in varied polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) content. Some PUFA may be converted into conjugated FA either exogenously or as a result of enzymatic or non‐enzymatic processes. Practical Applications: Dietary sources of conjugated linolenic acid isomer, e.g., PSO and BM, are known for their beneficial properties and thus willingly consumed world‐wide. Limited safety information of their simultaneous use is available despite their over‐consumption and may probably cause adverse effects. PSO and BM given to rats improves a lipid profile of femoral muscles, decreases cholesterol, increases polyunsaturated fatty acids and rumenic acid content, and counteracts lipid oxidation. These results may be a starting point for experiments conducted on farm animals considering their supplementation with PSO in order to possible improvement of nutritional value of their meat. After detailed surveys confirming beneficial influence of both supplements on human health and well‐being, these botanicals may be safely introduced into human diet. This study evaluates the influence of supplementation of rats’ diet with pomegranate seed oil separately or jointly with bitter melon extract on fatty acid, cholesterol, malondialdehyde, and tocopherols concentrations in femoral muscles. After 21 weeks of supplementation, muscles are subjected to either gas or liquid chromatographic analyses. Supplementation of diet with pomegranate seed oil decreases cholesterol and malondialdehyde contents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Determination Of Fa Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Seed Oil and Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) Extract Affect the Lipid's Profile and Oxidative Stability of Femoral Muscles of Rats

Białek

Lepionka

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…While boron has not definitively been established as an essential mineral for humans, there is increasing evidence from in vitro, animal, and human studies demonstrating the beneficial health effects of boron (Białek et al 2019;Nielsen and Eckhert 2020;Rondanelli et al 2020). In addition, boron deficiencies in animals have been associated with adverse effects (EFSA NDA Panel 2004).…”

Section: The Role Of Boron In Nutrition Of Plants and Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of consumer exposure to boron in cleaning products: a case study of Canada

DeLeo

Stuard

Kinsky

et al. 2021

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Boron is an essential mineral for plants, and as such, is a normal dietary constituent for humans. Humans may be naturally exposed to boron through food and drinking water, or via anthropogenic sources such as consumer products. The World Health Organisation established an acceptable safe range of population mean intakes for boron of 1-13 mg/day. Most studies of dietary boron intake show a range of 1-2 mg/day. Consumer products have been estimated to contribute a geometric mean daily intake of 0.1 mg to total boron exposure; however, there are few published surveys of consumer exposure to boron from use of cleaning products. The Government of Canada published a draft screening assessment report of boric acid, its salts and precursors that included estimates of consumer exposure to boron found as ingredients in consumer products. The manufacturers of consumer cleaning products conducted a survey of boron content of current products and estimated exposure using the publicly available exposure tool ConsExpo Web. Dermal exposures to boron during cleaning product use were estimated to result in annual internal exposures ranging from (0.001 to 0.36 lg/kg bw/ day based on dermal absorption of 0.5%. Using a conservative point of departure for hazard assessment (2,900 lg boron/kg bw/day), estimated margins of exposure for dermal exposures to boron from cleaning product use range from 8,056 to >1,000,000. This work demonstrates that exposure to boron from cleaning product use is very low and essentially insignificant when compared to other (e.g. dietary) sources of boron intake by Canadian consumers.

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“…The tolerable upper intake levels (UL) of boron are 3, 6, 11 and 17 mg/day for children ages 1-3, 4-8, 9-13 and 14-18 years, respectively. For adults, the UL is 20 mg/day [90]. The upper level of boron intake is the highest daily intake of this nutrient that presents no risk of adversely affecting human health in the general population.…”

Section: The Influence Of Boron On the Human Body And Legal Acts Regamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The upper level of boron intake is the highest daily intake of this nutrient that presents no risk of adversely affecting human health in the general population. The acute lethal dose of boron for humans is in the range of 0.4-0.9 g/kg body weight [90].…”

Section: The Influence Of Boron On the Human Body And Legal Acts Regamentioning

confidence: 99%

High Content of Boron in Curative Water: From the Spa to Industrial Recovery of Borates? (Poland as a Case Study)

et al. 2020

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Boron minerals are a sought-after raw material. The European Union’s total dependence on imported borates means that this has been a critical material since 2014. Due to the increased use of borates in modern economies, data on the predicted boron demand in the coming years indicate that it may become a critical element on a global scale. Formerly, the high boron content in groundwater was the basis for qualifying it as medicinal water (boric water). Nevertheless, the current information on the potential toxicity of boron and the narrow margin between deficiency and toxicity of boron in the human body has caused a tightening of the limits of this element in water intended for human consumption. For this reason, metaboric acid has lost its position as a specific component of curative waters. However, despite the fact that boron is not currently a specific component of curative waters, it is found in measureable concentrations in Polish medicinal water considered therapeutic based on other valuable specific components. High boron content in curative water may be the cause of the problems in some spas when obtaining certificates confirming the therapeutic properties of waters. Literature data indicate that waters with high boron content (above 25 mg/L) should not be freely available for drinking in pump rooms and other places in health resorts. To identify the situation with Polish health resorts, the content of boron in 248 curative water samples was analyzed. In 154 of these samples, the boron concentration was relatively low and did not exceed 5 mg/L. However, in the remaining 94 samples, the boron content exceeded 5 mg/L, and 38 samples had boron content exceeding 30 mg/L. Ten of the 248 samples of curative water had a boron concentration above 100 mg/L, which may be a potential source of boron for industrial recovery. The highest concentration of boron was noticed in a water sample from the Wysowa health resort and was 187.6 mg/L. Unfortunately, most of water intakes with a high concentration of boron (above 100 mg/L) are low-yielding wells. Based on the data collected, Rabka appears to be the best candidate for small-scale boron production in terms of boron content and water resources values.

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Selected physiological effects of boron compounds for animals and humans. A review

Cited by 46 publications

References 80 publications

Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Seed Oil and Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) Extract Affect the Lipid's Profile and Oxidative Stability of Femoral Muscles of Rats

Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Seed Oil and Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) Extract Affect the Lipid's Profile and Oxidative Stability of Femoral Muscles of Rats

Assessment of consumer exposure to boron in cleaning products: a case study of Canada

High Content of Boron in Curative Water: From the Spa to Industrial Recovery of Borates? (Poland as a Case Study)

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