Selecting Iodine-Enriched Vegetables and the Residual Effect of Iodate Application to Soil

Abstract

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to select vegetables for iodine uptake. The residual effect of iodate fertilization on the growth of and iodine uptake by spinach plants were also investigated. Results showed that the concentrations of iodate in soil had significant effect on the biomass of edible parts of pakchoi and spinach (p<0.01), whereas the concentrations of iodate in soil had no significant effect on that of carrots, water spinach, celery, and onion. Iodine concentrations in edible parts of vegetables and the transfer factors (TF edible parts ) of soil-to-edible parts of vegetables significantly increased with increasing iodine concentrations in soil (p<0.001), and iodine concentrations in edible parts and TF edible parts of spinach were much higher than those of other vegetables at any treatment. Both transfer coefficients for edible parts (TC edible parts ) and for aerial parts (TC aerial parts ) of vegetables changed differently with increasing iodine concentrations in the soil, and TC edible parts and TC aerial parts of spinach were higher than those of other vegetables. Therefore, spinach (leafy vegetable) was considered as an efficient vegetable for iodine biofortification. Further experiment showed that there is considerable residual effect of soil fertilization with iodate.

Biofortificación con yodo en plantas para consumo humano

“…Dai et al (2004) obtained that when applying iodine at a concentration of 5 mg kg -1 , TF from edible parts of different vegetables increased from 0.1 to 10. The values increased in the following order carrot =onion <celery <spinach outbreak < spinach leaf.…”

“…Dai et al (2004) obtuvieron que al aplicar yodo a una concentración de 5 mg kg -1 el TF de las partes comestibles de diferentes vegetales aumentó de 0.1 a 10. Los valores se incrementaron en el siguiente orden zanahoria = cebolla < apio < brote de espinaca < hoja de espinaca.…”

The quality of carrot (Daucus carotaL.) cultivated in the field depending on iodine and selenium fertilization

“…It needs to be underlined that plant tolerance to selenates (IV) and selenates (VI) strongly depends on the cultivation system, whether hydroponics or in the field, with complex processes of sorption occurring in the latter (Ríos et al 2010, Hawrylak-Nowak et al 2015, Smoleń et al 2015, 2016a. Also in the case of iodine, carrot is far more tolerant to high doses of this element than other vegetable species, including spinach, pak choi and celery (Dai et al 2004). …”

“…Basing on literature data, the direct physiological and biochemical causes of increased NO 2 -accumulation after KI or KIO 3 application cannot be established (Dai et al 2004, Smoleń et. al 2011a,b, 2014b.…”

Inter-Taxa Differences in Iodine Uptake by Plants: Implications for Food Quality and Contamination

“…There were 30 "studies" identified from 10 literature sources [10,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] that reported I concentration values after similar experiments, i.e., I concentrations in green shoots after simultaneous root exposures in two or more plant species. There were concentration values for 56 species in these literature sources of which 6 also occurred in the experiments carried out for this analysis.…”