Selecting technologies towards compliance with MARPOL Annex VI: The perspective of operators

Schinas, Orestis; Stefanakos, Christos

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2013.12.006

Cited by 74 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Implementation of real option analysis or a multi-criteria approach based on an analytic network process (ANP) would help out here in order to select the most optimum technical alternative as shown by Acciaro (2014) and Schinas & Stefanakos (2014) and this would also be a logical continuation of the research work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What is anyhow of utmost relevance are economical comparisons of alternatives to fulfil the ECA legislations and for instance implementation of a real option analysis regarding LNG investments for a retrofit case showed a clear trade-off between low fuel prices and capital expenses (Acciaro 2014). Another study including a multi-criteria approach based on the analytic network process (ANP) shows how this tool could help operators select the most optimum technical alternative (Schinas & Stefanakos 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low emission engine technologies for future tier 3 legislations - options and case studies

Wik

Niemi

2016

J. shipp. trd.

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Marine emission legislation such as the current IMO Tier II and upcoming IMO Tier III requirements within the revised Marpol Annex VI have been major drivers for performance development of marine engines during the latest years. These requirements have triggered a vast amount of research activity at the engine OEM's in order to identify and develop the best possible technologies for fulfilling the requirements. A main objective of this research has been to identify the various options available for reducing engine SOx and NOx emissions and to clarify the main criteria engine manufacturers consider to determine the optimum technology. Another objective has been to investigate how ship-owners and operators within the various marine segments are impacted by the new emissions requirements and what key factors they need to consider when identifying the optimum engine technology. Case studies conclude that the optimum solution can vary depending on the vessel application, operating time inside ECAs, as well as prices for fuels and reduction agents. In new-building cases, gas operated engines without after-treatment systems show a strong value proposition as an alternative to liquid fuel engines that require after-treatment solutions -especially for short-haul shipping applications where tighter emission legislations are enforced to a larger extent. Overall, 2-stage turbo charging, LNG, and SCR technologies are concluded to be the most feasible technologies. Generally, lower operating costs can compensate higher capital expenditures meaning that the owner should carefully evaluate the total cost of ownership of the various alternatives, and not consider only the initial capital expenditure. The choice of best technology option depends on a variety of issues which can change over time -such as the operation profile and route of the vessel and commodity prices. Consequently the ship-owner should evaluate the alternative technologies for a wide range of possible scenarios to find a flexible solution that minimizes exposure to risks related to changing boundary conditions. With this research, the reasons why certain emission reduction technologies are preferred to others both from OEM's and ship-owner's point of view are quantified and the most feasible technologies for meeting the requirements are identified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low emission engine technologies for future tier 3 legislations - options and case studies

Wik

Niemi

2016

J. shipp. trd.

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“…Evaluating trade-off solutions will eventually fall into one of the five categories given in Table 3. Schinas and Stefanakos (2014) discussed the limitations of the financial assessment of technologies assisting compliance with the sulphur regulations of the MARPOL Annex VI. In order to overcome these limitations, they employed analytic network process (ANP).…”

Section: Payback Time Analysis (Pbt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of a decision making framework for evaluating the trade-off solutions of cleaner seaborne transportation

Ölçer

Ballini

2015

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

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“…Such an analysis is not available in the literature, despite broad acknowledgment that bunker prices are a determinant for investment and technology adoption (see e.g. Schinas and Stefanakos, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and commercial considerations of LNG-fueled ships

Schinas

Butler²

2016

Ocean Engineering

Self Cite

164

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Selecting technologies towards compliance with MARPOL Annex VI: The perspective of operators

Cited by 74 publications

References 12 publications

Low emission engine technologies for future tier 3 legislations - options and case studies

Low emission engine technologies for future tier 3 legislations - options and case studies

The development of a decision making framework for evaluating the trade-off solutions of cleaner seaborne transportation

Feasibility and commercial considerations of LNG-fueled ships

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