Selection of Dwarfing Pear Rootstock Clones from Pyrus betulaefolia and P. calleryana Seedlings

Robbani, Mahbub; Banno, Kiyoshi; Yamaguchi, Kazuo; Fujisawa, Noriko; Liu, Jing Yue; Kakegawa, Mayumi

doi:10.2503/jjshs.75.1

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Ten genetically dwarfing Pyrus rootstock clones derived from open-pollinated progenies of PB and PC were selected after an 8-year of experimental field test, were evaluated with different anaerobic root environments. Dwarfing clones were generated from the inherently dwarfish seedlings with excellent rooting ability by asexual propagation (Robbani et al, 2006). The selected clones from PB and PC were named SPRB (Shinshu University Pear Rootstock P. betulaefolia clone) and SPRC (Shinshu University Pear Rootstock P. calleryana clone), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Flooding Tolerance of Some Dwarfing Pear Rootstock Clones Selected from the Progenies of Pyrus betulaefolia and P. calleryana

Robbani¹,

Banno²,

Kakegawa³

2006

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Response and tolerance to flooding of potted open-pollinated seedlings, four ungrafted dwarfing clonal selections of Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge (PB), six of P. calleryana Decne (PC), and the same topworked to the Japanese pear 'Kosui' were investigated. The 3-yr-old trees were flooded for 15 days or 12 weeks and then examined for tree survival, growth cessation, shoot growth, adventitious root formation, and defoliation. Although the tolerance to water stress was higher in PC than in PB, the responses varied within and between the species. Some SPRB clones with greater tolerance than the PC control and SPRC clones developed adventitious roots on the trunk above the water surface. This may be a morphological adaptation to the stress. Prolonged flooding separated the rootstocks into 4 overall rankings: most tolerant (SPRB22), very tolerant (SPRB13, SPRB15, PC1, PC2, SPRC15, and SPRC20), moderately tolerant (SPRC3 and SPRC8) and least tolerant (PB seedling, PB4, SPRB1, SPRC5, and SPRC13). PC and its selection flooded for 30 days had significantly higher shoot growth, new roots, and higher 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reducing activity in the fine roots than the PB ones. Within the SPRB clones, SPRB15 and SPRB22 exhibited the most shoot and new root growth. From the analyses of long and short-term flooding data, we categorized the selections SPRB15, SPRB22, SPRC15, and SPRC20 that developed adventitious roots with extended root activity as having superior ability to withstand water stress.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Flooding Tolerance of Some Dwarfing Pear Rootstock Clones Selected from the Progenies of Pyrus betulaefolia and P. calleryana

Robbani¹,

Banno²,

Kakegawa³

2006

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…As a variety of Oriental pear (Asian pear) [36], it is native to East Asia and mainly distributed in China, Korean peninsula and Japan [37]. It has good grafting affinity with the Oriental pear and Western pear, and is an important parent of dwarf rootstock and resistance breeding [38,39]. It is the main grafting stock of pear varieties in northern China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Salt Stress on the Leaf Shape and Scaling of Pyrus betulifolia Bunge

Shi

Hui

et al. 2019

Symmetry

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Leaf shape can reflect the survival and development of plants in different environments. In particular, leaf area, showing a scaling relationship with other leaf-shape indices, has been used to evaluate the extent of salt stress on plants. Based on the scaling relationships between leaf area and other leaf-shape indices in experiments at different levels of salt stress, we could examine which leaf-shape indices are also related to salt stress. In the present study, we explored the effects of different salt concentration treatments on leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA), the quotient of leaf perimeter and leaf area (QPA), the quotient of leaf width and length (QWL), the areal quotient (AQ) of left and right sides of a leaf and the standardized index (SI) for bilateral symmetry. We treated Pyrus betulifolia Bunge under NaCl salt solution of 2‰, 4‰ and 6‰, respectively, with fresh water with no salt as the control. The reduced major axis (RMA) was used to fit a linear relationship of the log-transformed data between any leaf trait measures and leaf area. We found that leaf fresh weight and dry weight decrease with salt concentration increasing, whereas the exponents of leaf dry weight versus leaf area exhibit an increasing trend, which implies that the leaves expanding in higher salt environments are prone to have a higher cost of dry mass investment to increase per unit leaf area than those in lower salt environments. Salt concentration has a significant influence on leaf shape especially QWL, and QWL under 6‰ concentration treatment is significantly greater than the other treatments. However, there is no a single increasing or decreasing trend for the extent of leaf bilateral symmetry with salt concentration increasing. In addition, we found that the scaling exponents of QPA versus leaf area for four treatments have no significant difference. It indicates that the scaling relationship of leaf perimeter versus leaf area did not change with salt concentration increasing. The present study suggests that salt stress can change leaf functional traits especially the scaling relationship of leaf dry weight versus leaf area and QWL, however, it does not significantly affect the scaling relationships between leaf morphological measures (including QPA and the extent of leaf bilateral symmetry) and leaf area.

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“…3). Robbani et al (2006b) demonstrated that rootstock species capable of surviving long periods of flood conditions developed adventitious roots at the water line. Tamura et al (1996b) found that flooding caused an increase in above-ground 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content and ethylene production in pear rootstocks seedlings; it is, thus, believed that production of ethylene as a result flood stress induces the development of adventitious roots as reported in the other higher plants (Bradford and Dilley, 1978;Bradford and Yang, 1980;Kawase, 1976;Rowe and Beardsell, 1973).…”

Section: ) Research On Drought Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Research on Japanese Pear Rootstocks

Tamura

2012

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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In this paper, I review recent advances in research on Japanese pear rootstocks. Several clones of Pyrus betulaefolia and P. calleryana seedlings have been identified based on their ability to induce dwarfing scion growth, and their use in the future as dwarfing rootstock is anticipated. Among the various rootstock species, P. betulaefolia exhibits good adaptability to different environmental conditions, with high tolerance to drought, cold, and salt. This is due, in part, to P. betulaefolia's superior ability to regulate osmotic potential and ability to maintain a high degree of unsaturation in fatty acids in biological membranes during cold hardening. P. calleryana exhibits not only a relatively high drought tolerance but also the highest flood tolerance. This tolerance depends on the ability of P. calleryana to shift to alcohol fermentation under anaerobic conditions and to expel the ethanol thus generated. These two rootstock species are highly effective in preventing fruit-hardening disorders. While P. betulaefolia exhibits high salt tolerance among native Asian Pyrus species, it is exceeded in this respect by two native Mediterranean species, P. amygdaliformis and P. elaeagrifolia, with a mechanism to inhibit the transport of salts from the roots to above-ground plant parts. Furthermore, P. xerophila exhibits superior Fe 3+ -chelate reductase activity in roots, endowing the species with tolerance to alkaline soils.

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Selection of Dwarfing Pear Rootstock Clones from Pyrus betulaefolia and P. calleryana Seedlings

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Differential Flooding Tolerance of Some Dwarfing Pear Rootstock Clones Selected from the Progenies of Pyrus betulaefolia and P. calleryana

Differential Flooding Tolerance of Some Dwarfing Pear Rootstock Clones Selected from the Progenies of Pyrus betulaefolia and P. calleryana

Effects of Salt Stress on the Leaf Shape and Scaling of Pyrus betulifolia Bunge

Recent Advances in Research on Japanese Pear Rootstocks

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