Selection of non-target Lepidoptera species for ecological risk assessment of Bt maize in South Africa

Wyk, A. Van; Berg, J. van den; Hamburg, H. van

doi:10.4001/1021-3589-15.2.356

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Studies on Bt maize were limited to field surveys of non-target Lepidoptera (Van Wyk et al, 2007), evaluation of Bt maize against other Lepidoptera pests (Van den Berg and Van Wyk, 2007), and surveys on adoption rates of refugia (Kruger et al, 2009). Data collected during these and other informal surveys resulted from studies on larval survival on Bt maize plants in the laboratory and field, as well as farmer reports on incidences of stem borers in Bt maize fields collected between 2004 and 2012.…”

Section: Initial Warning Signs Of Resistance Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bt maize hybrids provide effective control of larvae of crambid moths such as C. partellus and provide partial to very good control of the noctuids S. calamistis and B. fusca (Van Rensburg, 1999;Van den Berg and Van Wyk, 2007;Tende et al, 2010). Up to 2006, when event Bt11 was commercially released in South Africa, all Bt maize hybrids contained Event MON810, and although Bt11 is a different product, it targets the same pest species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Pest resistance to Cry1Ab Bt maize: Field resistance, contributing factors and lessons from South Africa

2013

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Section: Initial Warning Signs Of Resistance Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pest resistance to Cry1Ab Bt maize: Field resistance, contributing factors and lessons from South Africa

2013

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“…In Southern Africa, the most important stem borers on maize, sorghum and sugar cane are from the families Noctuidae, Crambidae and Pyralidae. These include Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Van Wyk et al 2007) and Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (Hearne et al 1994;Assefa et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stem borers in South Africa and Mozambique

Moolman

Berg

Conlong

et al. 2013

J Applied Entomology

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Country‐wide surveys of lepidopteran stem borers in wild host plants were undertaken between 2006 and 2009 in South Africa and 2005 and 2010 in Mozambique. A total of 4438 larvae were collected from 65 wild host plants in South Africa and 1920 larvae from 30 wild host plants in Mozambique. In South Africa and Mozambique, 50 and 39 stem borer species were recovered, respectively, with four new species and two new genera among noctuids. Less than 5% of the total number of species collected are considered to be economically important in Africa. These species were Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Noctuidae), Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Crambidae) and Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Noctuidae). Data from this study and others in East Africa on the very low abundance of stem borers in wild host plants question the putative role of wild host plants as reservoir for stem borer pests. One new host plant family (Prioniaceae), as well as 24 and 13 wild hosts from South Africa and Mozambique respectively, was added to the list of known hosts in Africa.

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“…This protein is toxic for lepidopteron maize pests. In South Africa, the African maize stalk borer Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the primary target pest of Bt maize [1]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cry1Ab Transgenic Maize on Lifecycle and Biomarker Responses of the Earthworm, Eisenia Andrei

Merwe

Bezuidenhout

Berg

et al. 2012

Sensors

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A 28-day study was conducted to determine the effects of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab toxin on the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Previously, investigations have been limited to life-cycle level effects of this protein on earthworms, and mostly on E. fetida. In this study several endpoints were compared which included biomass changes, cocoon production, hatching success, a cellular metal-stress biomarker (Neutral Red Retention Time; NRRT) and potential genotoxic effects in terms of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA sequences (RAPDs). NRRT results indicated no differences between treatments (p > 0.36), and NRRT remained the same for both treatments at different times during the experiment (p = 0.18). Likewise, no significant differences were found for cocoon production (p = 0.32) or hatching success (p = 0.29). Conversely, biomass data indicated a significant difference between the control treatment and the Bt treatment from the second week onwards (p < 0.001), with the Bt treatment losing significantly more weight than the isoline treatment. Possible confounding factors were identified that might have affected the differences in weight loss between groups. From the RAPD profiles no conclusive data were obtained that could link observed genetic variation to exposure of E. andrei to Cry1Ab proteins produced by Bt maize.

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Selection of non-target Lepidoptera species for ecological risk assessment of Bt maize in South Africa

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Pest resistance to Cry1Ab Bt maize: Field resistance, contributing factors and lessons from South Africa

Pest resistance to Cry1Ab Bt maize: Field resistance, contributing factors and lessons from South Africa

Species diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stem borers in South Africa and Mozambique

Effects of Cry1Ab Transgenic Maize on Lifecycle and Biomarker Responses of the Earthworm, Eisenia Andrei

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