“…Christopher & Peck, 2004;Tang, 2006b;Lee, 2004;Kleindorfer & Saad, 2005;Sheffi & Rice Jr, 2005;Iakovou et al, 2007, Pettit et al, 2010, 2013Wicher & Lenort, 2013;Hendricks et al, 2009 Strategic stock 3 Sheffi et al, 2003;Sheffi & Rice Jr, 2005;Tang & Tomlin, 2008;Tang, 2006b;Wicher & Lenort, 2013 Standardize Process 4 Sheffi et al, 2003;Sheffi & Rice Jr, 2005;Tang & Tomlin, 2008;Tang, 2006b, Lee 2004Kleindorfer & Saad, 2005 Identical plant design/process and facility 5 Sheffi et al, 2003;Sheffi & Rice Jr, 2005;Tang & Tomlin, 2008;Tang, 2006b, Lee 2004Kleindorfer & Saad, 2005 Interchangeable and generic parts in diver products 6 Sheffi, 2003;Sheffi & Rice Jr, 2005;Tang & Tomlin, 2008;Tang, 2006b;Pettit et al, 2010Pettit et al, , 2013 Multi-skill and interchangeable labor force 7 Sheffi, 2003;Sheffi & Rice Jr, 2005;Tang & Tomlin, 2008 Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) 8 Manuj & Mentzer, 2008;Tang & Tomlin, 2008;Tang, 2006b;Tang 2006a;…”