Selection of Rootstocks for Flooding and Drought Tolerance in Citrus Species

Bhusal, Ram Chandra; Mizutani, Fusao; Rutto, Kipkoriony L.

doi:10.3923/pjbs.2002.509.512

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, the Ci in our study was notably high, very close to the reference value in many cases, and negatively correlated with An, which all suggest that another kind of regulation was involved. This conclusion was also reached by [4,54] in kiwifruit, who related stomatal regulation under flooding stress to other processes, such as a low soil oxygen concentration, increased leaf ABA levels, and a higher CO 2 concentration caused by importing gas from soil or by photosynthetic apparatus injury. In the same line, [31,53] observed a subsequent decrease in residual conductance when waterlogging lasted for longer periods and Ci increased a few days after flooding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A widely applied system to prevent abiotic stresses in fruit tree crops involves the use of tolerant genotypes as rootstocks [4][5][6][7][8]. For this purpose, the flooding tolerance of citrus rootstocks has been tested in several studies [4,[9][10][11][12]. However, the availability of citrus rootstocks that combine positive plant responses, such as tolerance to iron chlorosis, CTV (citrus tristeza virus), and Phytophthora spp., is still scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening of ‘King’ Mandarin Hybrids as Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks to Flooding Stress

2021

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This work compares the tolerance to long-term anoxia conditions (35 days) of five new citrus ‘King’ mandarin (Citrus nobilis L. Lour) × Poncirus trifoliata ((L.) Raf.) hybrids (named 0501XX) and Carrizo citrange (CC, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.), the widely used citrus rootstock in Spain. Growth parameters, chlorophyll concentration, gas exchange and fluorescence parameters, water relations in leaves, abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, and PIP1 and PIP2 gene expressions were assessed. With a waterlogging treatment, the root system biomass of most hybrids went down, and the chlorophyll a and b concentrations substantially dropped. The net CO2 assimilation rates (An) and stomatal conductance (gs) lowered significantly due to flooding, and the transpiration rate (E) closely paralleled the changes in gs. The leaf water and osmotic potentials significantly increased in most 0501 hybrids. As a trend, flooding stress lowered the ABA concentration in roots from most hybrids, but increased in the leaves of CC, 05019 and 050110. Under the control treatment (Ct) conditions, most 0501 hybrids showed higher PIP1 and PIP2 expressions than the control rootstock CC, but were impaired due to the flooding conditions in 05019 and 050110. From this study, we conclude that 0501 genotypes develop some adaptive responses in plants against flooding stress such as (1) stomata closure to prevent water loss likely mediated by ABA levels, and (2) enhanced water and osmotic potentials and the downregulation of those genes regulating aquaporin channels to maintain water relations in plants. Although these traits seemed especially relevant in hybrids 050110 and 050125, further experiments must be done to determine their behavior under field conditions, particularly their influence on commercial varieties and their suitability as flooding-tolerant hybrids for replacing CC, one of the main genotypes that is widely used as a citrus rootstock in Spain, under these conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening of ‘King’ Mandarin Hybrids as Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks to Flooding Stress

2021

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“…Observation to determine the level of plant resistance to inundated conditions by giving a score of 0-5. Scores are given based on yellowing leaves, dropping, wilting leaves until the plant dies [11]. Scores include 0 (20-39% damaged leaves); 1 (40-59% damaged leaves); 2 (60-79% segment leaves); 3(80-99% of leaves damaged); and 4 (100% damaged leaves).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Tamanu Seedlings (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) in flooding on Several Types of Soil

Fatonah¹,

Permatasari²,

Iriani³

2023

Bull. Sci. Res.

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Tamanau (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), has economic value as a source of biofuel and medicine, therefore it has the potential to be developed in several wetlands in Riau, Indonesia. This study aims to examine the growth ability and morphological adaptation of tamanu to flooding conditions on mineral soil, peat soil and sand soil. This experimental research was designed using a randomized block design. The experiment consisted of flooded and non-flooded treatments on mineral soils, peat soils and sandy soils. Flooding was carried out on all types of soil with an inundation level of 2 cm above the soil surface for 30 days. The results showed that Tamanu seedlings are tolerant to flooding on mineral soils and sandy soils, but sensitive to flooding on peat soils. The morphological adaptation of tamanu seedlings to flooding in mineral soils is the formation of adventitious roots and lenticels. Tamanu seedlings when submerged in sandy soil only form pores on submerged stems.

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“…Citrus varities widely influenced by drought stress as the productivity, growth, and yield of citrus get reduced after facing drought stress ( Osakabe et al, 2014 ). However, few drought resistant varities are also reported which can withstand against this stress, including navel orange and trifoliate orange ( Bhusal et al, 2002 ; Koshita and Takahara, 2004 ; Pingping et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pangenome-wide analysis of cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) gene family in citrus Spp. Revealed their intraspecies diversity and potential roles in abiotic stress tolerance

et al. 2022

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Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGC) gene family has been found to be involved in physiological processes including signaling pathways, environmental stresses, plant growth, and development. This gene family of non-selective cation channels is known to regulate the uptake of calcium and is reported in several plant species. The pangenome-wide studies enable researchers to understand the genetic diversity comprehensively; as a comparative analysis of multiple plant species or member of a species at once helps to better understand the evolutionary relationships and diversity present among them. In the current study, pangenome-wide analysis of the CNGC gene family has been performed on five Citrus species. As a result, a total of 32 genes in Citrus sinensis, 27 genes in Citrus recticulata, 30 genes in Citrus grandis, 31 genes in Atalantia buxfolia, and 30 genes in Poncirus trifoliata were identified. In addition, two unique genes CNGC13 and CNGC14 were identified, which may have potential roles. All the identified CNGC genes were unevenly distributed on 9 chromosomes except P. trifoliata had genes distributed on 7 chromosomes and were classified into four major groups and two sub-groups namely I, II, III, IV-A, and IV-B. Cyclic nucleotide binding (CNB) motif, calmodulin-binding motif (CaMB), and motif for IQ-domain were conserved in Citrus Spp. Intron exon structures of citrus species were not exactly as same as the gene structures of Arabidopsis. The majority of cis-regulatory elements (CREs) were light responsive and others include growth, development, and stress-related indicating potential roles of the CNGC gene family in these functions. Both segmental and tandem duplication were involved in the expansion of the CNGC gene family in Citrus Spp. The miRNAs are involved in the response of CsCNGC genes towards drought stress along with having regulatory association in the expression of these genes. Protein- Protein interaction (PPI) analysis also showed the interaction of CNGC proteins with other CNGCs which suggested their potential role in pathways regulating different biological processes. GO enrichment revealed that CNGC genes were involved in the transport of ions across membranes. Furthermore, tissue-specific expression patterns of leaves sample of C. sinensis were studied under drought stress. Out of 32 genes of C. sinensis 3 genes i.e., CsCNGC1.4, CsCNGC2.1, and CsCNGC4.2 were highly up-regulated, and only CsCNGC4.6 was highly down-regulated. The qRT-PCR analysis also showed that CNGC genes were highly expressed after treatment with drought stress, while gene expression was lower under controlled conditions. This work includes findings based on multiple genomes instead of one, therefore, this will provide more genomic information rather than single genome-based studies. These findings will serve as a basis for further functional insights into the CNGC gene family.

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Selection of Rootstocks for Flooding and Drought Tolerance in Citrus Species

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Screening of ‘King’ Mandarin Hybrids as Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks to Flooding Stress

Screening of ‘King’ Mandarin Hybrids as Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks to Flooding Stress

Growth of Tamanu Seedlings (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) in flooding on Several Types of Soil

Pangenome-wide analysis of cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) gene family in citrus Spp. Revealed their intraspecies diversity and potential roles in abiotic stress tolerance

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