Selection of stabilizer and coagulant for natural rubber latex colloidal system during diimide catalytic hydrogenation at semi pilot scale reaction

Puspitasari, Santi; Falaah, Asron Ferdian; Widiyantoro, Ahmad Nuruddin Zanki; Muslich,

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/509/1/012128

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The alkaline-based hydrogel obtained a high ionic conductivity, which is 10 −2 S cm −1 . 20 Thus, with the remarkable performance, the incorporation of NaOH was expected to show enhanced performance, specifically ionic conductivity, when added as a dopant in the natural rubber hydrogel. NaOH is a strong base and dissociates completely into sodium ions (Na + ) and hydroxide ions (OH − ) upon addition to water, which is a solvent in the hydrogels, as shown in eq 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dopants for the hydrogel electrolyte are originated from acid, alkali, and salt to enhance its ionic conductivity . However, acid and salt can be a coagulant to natural rubber, which may disturb the synthesis process of the hydrogel electrolyte . It leads to coagulation of the natural rubber during formation of the hydrogel, and the hydrogel is not formed well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Characterization of Highly Ionic Conductive Hydrogel Electrolytes for Supercapacitors

Zabidi,

Kamarulazam,

Farhana

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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In this study, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR-25) in combination with acrylamide and acrylic acid hydrogels with N,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) as a chemical cross-linking agent was formulated using a free-radical polymerization technique. Different vol % of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (5, 10, 15, and 20 vol %) was used to prepare the hydrogel electrolyte and labeled as NR/NaOH5, NR/NaOH10, NR/NaOH15, and NR/NaOH20, respectively. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The ionic conductivity was measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and it was found that the NR/NaOH20 hydrogel obtained the highest ionic conductivity of 8.72 mS cm −1 with the lowest activation energy of 0.1045 eV. Symmetric supercapacitors were fabricated using NR/NaOH5, NR/NaOH10, NR/NaOH15, and NR/NaOH20 as hydrogel electrolytes and electrochemical studies such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge−discharge (GCD) analysis were conducted. The electrochemical performance disclosed that the hydrogel containing the highest amount of NaOH (NR/NaOH20) showed maximum specific capacitances of 49.66 F/g at 5 mV/s and 43.24 F/g at 300 mA/g.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%