Selection of Suitable Species of Chlorella, Nannochloris, and Nannochloropsis in High- and Low-Temperature Seasons for Mass Culture of the Rotifer Brachionus plicatilis

Abstract

To find seasonally optimal microalgae for mass culture of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, the growth rates of 12 microalgal species (two marine Chlorella spp., five marine Nannochloris spp., two marine Nannochloropsis spp., one estuarine Nannochloropsis sp., and two estuarine Chlorella spp.) were compared at 25°C at 15 psu and 30 psu. Among these, six species showing high growth rates were chosen and examined again at high (30°C and 32°C) and low (10°C) temperatures. Their amino and fatty acids and the dietary value of the rotifers that fed on each microalgal species were examined. Nannochloris sp. (KMMCC-119) and Chlorella vulgaris (KMMCC-120) showed the highest growth rates at temperatures over 30 o C and at 10°C, respectively. The growth rate of Nannochloris was higher than those of Chlorella and Nannochloropsis at high temperatures, but lower than those of the latter at low temperatures. The growth rate of rotifers fed on Nannochloropsis was highest and that of those fed on Chlorella was lowest. Levels of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were highest in Nannochloropsis and lowest in Nannochloris. However, total amino acid content was highest in Nannochloris and lowest in Chlorella. In conclusion, Nannochloropsis sp. (KMMCC-33) was the best microalgal species for the mass culture of the rotifer. However, during high-or low-temperature seasons in which Nannochloropsis does not grow well, Nannochloris spp. (KMMCC-119, 395) and C. vulgaris (KMMCC-120) would adequately replace Nannochloropsis sp. (KMMCC-33).

Sustainable Technique for Selected Live Feed Culture

“…The outer shell is rough if compared to the latest SEM of C.sorokiana [51].The feature is almost the same as found in SEM of C.vulgaris [52]. In terms of size, the specimen was found to be in between the size of marine C.vulgaris (2.1µm) and estuarine C.vulgaris (2.3µm) from Korean waters [53]. The cell has an average cell biovolume of 5.26±0.87 µm 3 .…”

Heterotrophic cultivation of Nannochloropsis salina for enhancing biomass and lipid production

“…Similarly, Eikassas, [50] have reported 0.15% of DHA content in Pichochloruim sp., cultivated under nitrogen starvation. Besides, Bea and Hur [51] have found the DHA content of 0.29% and 0.02% in Nannochlorosis sp., and N. oculata respectively.…”

Current bioeconomical interest in stramenopilic Eustigmatophyceae: a review

“…Similar results on the growth rate and composition of 12 marine species from different taxonomic groups as food for Brachionus plicatilis, subsequently used as food for marine fish (mainly Pagrus major), indicated Nannochloropsis sp. (KMMCC-33) as 'the best microalgal species for the mass culture of the rotifer' [66]. An alternative method of culturing N. oculata by using green water from red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)…”

“…Therefore, considering the increased interest in these fatty acids for human consumption, in order to meet the demands of the expanding market, it is essential to search for novel algal sources. Studies have shown a high content of EPA in marine Nannochloropsis (up to 44% of the total fatty acid content -TFA) and its potential application for human diet [66,[82][83][84][85][86]. Research has vastly concentrated on testing the optimal growth conditions, of environmental conditions and on the effects of nutrients and nutrient starvation for obtaining the maximum EPA yield in different types of reactors [59,84,85,[87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105].…”

“…In this review, the fatty acids found in smaller amounts are not discussed except the mentioning of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) as recorded in the genera Nannochloropsis and Vischeria, and the unusually high content of myristic (14:0) acid (20-54%) in Trachydiscus [66,81,94,114,115,[119][120][121][122][123][124][125]. The general similarity of PUFA composition in both marine and freshwater eustigmatophyceans has led to the suggestion that freshwater species show potential for use in aquacultures [115].…”