Selections of donors depending on agronomic traits, seed yield components, and fatty acid profile for genetic improvement of Carthamus using stepwise multiple regression

Abstract

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is of potential interest to agriculture due to mainly variability of fatty acid composition of seeds oil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate various exotic genotypes of safflower for agronomic traits, components of seed yield and fatty acid content. For this purpose, plant height (cm), number of first, second and third branches/plant, seed yield/plant (g), thousand-seed weight (g), oil content (%), and composition of fatty acid were investigated. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to develop fitted equation to predicate seed yield/plant. Analysis of variance of agronomic traits showed high differences among genotypes. Although the safflower oil genotype K2 had the highest oil seed content (42.8%), K13 obtained the highest percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Highest oleic type of safflower oil has been found in K13 and K26, which can be used as a source oil quality for plant breeding. Heritability as broad sense was high and ranged from 82% in number of secondary branches (NSB) and number of third branches (NTHB) to 99% in seed index (1000 seeds weight) and oil content. High genetic advance was found in plant height (PH), seed yield/plant (SYP) and 1000-seed weight, estimated at 43.41 cm, 21.34 g and 17.62 g, respectively. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that, 99.2% of the total variation in seed yield/plant could be explained by variation in yield of secondary (YSB) branches, yield of first branches (YFB), yield of third branches (YTHB), plant height (PH) and spiny as dummy variable. 23.56% of the total variation in seed oil percent could be explained by variation in yield of first branches (YFB), seed index and spiny as dummy variable. The information detected here may be a useful tool for the selection of parents in safflower breeding program.

Variability in proximate composition, phytochemical traits and antioxidant properties of Iranian agro-ecotypic populations of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

“…Ultimately, number of twin pods showed negative association (p < 0.01) with crude fibre of seed ( β = − 0.518). This finding is consistent with those reported by Hintz, and Albrecht 64 and Yassein et al 65 who reported that morphological characteristics correlated with seed oil content of Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.), and crude fibre and protein content of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) forage. Thus, multiple regression analysis can improve the accuracy of predicting leaf and seed proximate composition such as fat, protein and crude fibre.…”

Effects of Genotype and Climatic Conditions on the Oil Content and Its Fatty Acids Composition of Carthamus tinctorius L. Seeds

“…Safflower is an oleaginous species of significant interest due to its fatty acid variability content in the seed oil [47,48]. Our study indicates that extracted oil is very rich in unsaturated fatty acids, where their rate has reached a maximum value of 90.59% (Halab) and 90.81% (Gila).…”

Identification of cold tolerance and some agronomic traits of advanced safflower genotypes developed by hybridization

“…Therefore, in addition to rainfall, seed yield per plant was probably higher in these locations. Seed yield and oil content are the most important criteria in safflower breeding (Erbaş et al, 2023; Kose et al, 2018; Yassein et al, 2020), so it is important to investigate the cold tolerance abilities of genotypes before any breeding program is initiated. Studies have shown that safflower seed yield varies considerably in different environmental conditions and locations (Erbaş et al, 2023; Zanetti et al, 2022).…”