Selective affective biasing in recognition memory in the irritable bowel syndrome.

Abstract

The cognitive model of depression assigns a central role to negatively biased information processing in the pathogenesis of the emotional disorder. The relationship between depression and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was explored from a cognitive perspective. A word recognition memory task was constructed: subjects had to memorise and subsequently recognise a set of emotionally loaded stimulus words with either positive, neutral, or negative connotations.

Reduced Brainstem Inhibition during Anticipated Pelvic Visceral Pain Correlates with Enhanced Brain Response to the Visceral Stimulus in Women with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

“…Use of this strategy by IBS patients is consistent with previous reports demonstrating enhanced central reactivity (Berman et al, 2002b;Naliboff et al, 2005), and an intriguing study where IBS patients made more false-positive errors in recognizing emotionally negative words than either healthy subjects or depressed patients (Gomborone et al, 1993). We propose that during expectation of pain, IBS patients generate higher levels of tonic noradrenergic activity, producing a bias toward interpretation of network activity as pain (speed over accuracy), and are inefficient at reducing such activity when discrimination of nonpainful stimulation should be maximized, or pain should be inhibited.…”

Subtyping the irritable bowel syndrome by predominant bowel habit: Rome II versus Rome III

“…18,22,23 Recall bias is a well known problem in medical research and it might be particularly problematic in IBS patients who have been proposed to have a peculiar confirmatory bias for negative material. 24 This might lead to bias when grading their symptoms retrospectively supported by the high frequency of positive symptom reports on the Rome II Modular Questionnaire in our study versus the much lower frequency on the diary cards. For instance loose, mushy or watery stools more than one-fourth of the time was reported by 77% of the patients, whereas a clearly smaller proportion of subjects had this stool consistency on the BSF diary cards.…”

Alzheimer’s disease and gut microbiota

“…IBD is usually characteristic of increased intestinal permeability, disrupted gut microbiota and inflammation. IBS and IBD patients are usually show a decline in cognitive ability, suggesting the potential relationship between gut and cognitive functions (Castaneda et al, 2013;Gomborone et al, 1993).…”