“…By now, many methods have been applied to detect cysteine, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [18], electrochemistry [19], chemiluminescence [20], flow-injection [21], colorimetry [22], and spectrophotometry [23], all of which are based on the redox reaction or derivation with chromophores or fluorophores. Of course, there are also some methods based upon the formation of Au-S covalent bond between cysteine and gold nanorods [24] or Au-NPs [6,7,25,26], with the red shift of plasmon resonance absorption band of Au-NPs [7], disappearance of S-H stretching in both the IR and Raman spectra, and variations of chemical shift of the 1 H NMR in close proximity to the metal center [26].…”