We have studied enhancement of the fluorescence of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), bound to albumin and near an annealed silver island film, as a function of the distance between the protein molecules and the metal. As the intermediate spacer layer between the albumin and the silver substrate, we used multilayer films based on polyelectrolytes. The maximum nine-fold enhancement coefficient for the fluorescence of FITC corresponds to a thickness of the intermediate layer of ≈4 nm, or three layers of the polyelectrolyte. In this case, we observe a significant decrease in the average photoluminescence decay time for the label near the silver film compared with a dielectric medium. Key words: enhanced fluorescence; island silver film; intermediate layer (spacer); bovine serum albumin labeled by fluorescein isothiocyanate.Introduction. Modification of the photoluminescence (FL) of atoms and molecules located near nanostructured metallic surfaces [1-6] is an important and promising phenomenon in the optics of nanostructures. Detailed study of these processes is important both for understanding the fundamental aspects of the interaction between light and matter and for solving applied problems in nanotechnology and spectroscopy, in particular for designing new efficient luminophores and improving the sensitivity of the fluorescent method in enzyme immunoassays.In contrast to giant Raman scattering (GRS), widely studied since the 1980s, where typically maximum signal enhancement occurs when the molecules are adsorbed directly on rough metallic substrates, enhancement of the luminescence signal occurs when the molecule is positioned at some distance from a metallic substrate, as was predicted theoretically in [7]. This effect is due to two specific processes: 1) enhancement of the luminescence of the molecules due to excitation of surface plasmons in the metal and redistribution of the density of photon states; 2) quenching of the luminescence signal as a consequence of nonradiative energy transfer from the molecule to the metal.To date, surface-enhanced optical phenomena (giant Raman scattering, enhancement of luminescence, enhancement of second harmonic generation) and their mechanisms and the factors affecting the enhancement are under intense study, and the search is underway to find the conditions for obtaining the greatest possible enhancement factor. In particular, in order to study the fluorescence as a function of the distance between the molecule and the metal, different intermediate dielectric layers (spacers) are used (proteins, phospholipids, organic acids, amines, and their derivatives [8, 9], deposited on the metal substrate by the Langmuir-Blodgett method; polymers (polymethylmethacrylate, polylysine [8]), quartz [9], making it possible to controllably vary the distance from the luminophore to the metal.It was suggested earlier that multilayer structures based on polyelectrolytes be used as the intermediate layer [4], where the process of deposition onto the metal surface is based on electrostatic self...