Selective flocculation of cassiterite in mixtures with quartz using a modified polyacrylamide flocculant

Clauss, C.; Appleton, E.A.; Vink, Jef

doi:10.1016/0301-7516(76)90012-0

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, only a small portion (17%) of tin consumption is met through recycling, making primary ore the major source [4]. Cassiterite, the only economically significant tin-bearing mineral [5,6], is usually separated from other minerals (e.g., quartz, calcite, tourmaline, etc.) through gravity separation due to its higher density of 6.9 g/cm 3 [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5-Dodecylsalicylaldoxime as a Novel Collector in Cassiterite Flotation: Performance and Mechanism

Sun,

Qiao,

Cao

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Hydroxamic acid and fatty acid collectors are commonly used in cassiterite flotation but face issues like poor selectivity, high dosage, and strict requirements on ore composition and grinding fineness. This study investigates the collecting performance of a novel flotation reagent, 5-dodecylsalicylaldoxime (DSA), in cassiterite flotation. DSA exhibits remarkable selectivity, achieving an impressive 82.5% recovery of Sn at a concentration of only 9 × 10−5 mol/L in single mineral flotation tests. Moreover, DSA significantly outperforms benzohydroxamic acid (BHA), enhancing Sn recovery by 33.55% in artificially mixed ore flotation experiments. In the flotation test of a copper–tin polymetallic ore, compared with the BHA flotation effect, the recovery rate of DSA increased by 12.29% when the Sn grade remained basically unchanged. Analyses such as zeta potential, FT-IR, and XPS indicate that DSA’s superior collecting performance stems from its stable adsorption onto cassiterite surfaces through a chelating ring formation, resembling the adsorption mechanism of hydroxamic acid collectors. Furthermore, DSA’s larger cluster size in the solution compared to BHA contributes to its enhanced selectivity and collectability. Overall, DSA emerges as a promising alternative to traditional cassiterite flotation collectors, offering a combination of enhanced selectivity, lower dosage requirements, and robustness in complex ore systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5-Dodecylsalicylaldoxime as a Novel Collector in Cassiterite Flotation: Performance and Mechanism

Sun,

Qiao,

Cao

et al. 2024

Minerals

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“…It could be conjectured that a high‐molecular‐weight flocculant with a high content of hydroxamate groups may significantly improve the settling performance of red mud with high levels of silicon and iron. Although numerous researchers have studied the synthesis of hydroxamated polyacrylamide flocculants, hydroxamated flocculant Hx‐600 (Cytec, USA) is still the main commercially‐available flocculant, and is widely used to settle red mud with high levels of iron, resulting in a significant increase in settling rate and a greater improvement of the clarification of the supernatant in the Bayer process . As reported by Cytec, there may exist hydroxamate groups, carboxyl groups, and amide groups in Hx‐600 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption mechanism of the simulated red mud from diaspore with high levels of silicon and iron

Liu

Wang

et al. 2016

Can J Chem Eng

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The flocculation effect of Hx‐600 on the simulated red mud of the Bayer process from diaspore with high levels of silicon and iron was investigated, and a flocculant with high content of hydroxamate groups (HCPAM) and sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) was chosen as the model compound of Hx‐600. The typical silicon‐containing and iron‐containing monominerals in red mud, hydration grossular and hematite, were correspondingly synthesized, and the adsorption mechanism with HCPAM or PAAS was investigated using FTIR and XPS, respectively. The results reveal physical adsorption of HCPAM or PAAS on the surfaces of hydration grossular and chemisorption of HCPAM or PAAS on the surfaces of hematite. The atomic Mulliken populations of the model compounds of HCPAM and PAAS were calculated by quantum chemical calculation. The results show that a five‐membered ring may be formed on the surfaces of HCPAM‐treated hematite and a four‐membered ring may be formed on the surfaces of PAAS‐treated hematite. A stronger adsorption of the flocculant with hydroxamate groups on the hematite surfaces can be estimated, compared to carboxyl groups. Therefore, the improvement of settling performance achieved by Hx‐600 could be attributed to the high content of hydroxamate groups and high molecular weight (mass) of Hx‐600. A chemisorption with a bridging flocculation between the iron‐containing component in red mud and Hx‐600, and a physical adsorption with a bridging flocculation between the silicon‐containing component in red mud and Hx‐600 can enhance the settling performance of the simulated red mud of the Bayer process from diaspore with high levels of silicon and iron.

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“…The flotation recovery of cassiterite decreases with a decrease in particle size and in practice ultrafine particles are often removed prior to flotation. Attempts have been made to recover such fine and ultrafine cassiterite values following physico-chemical separation techniques such as shear flocculation (Bilgen et al, 1994), spherical agglomeration (Farnand et al, 1964), selective flocculation (Clauss et al, 1976), liquid-liquid extraction (Zambrana et al, 1974) and electro-flotation (Hogan et al, 1979;Qin et al, 2012;Gonzales et al, 2013), and such attempts are still in the laboratory scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of cassiterite beneficiation fundamentals and plant practices

Angadi

Sreenivas

Jeon

et al. 2015

Minerals Engineering

143

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Selective flocculation of cassiterite in mixtures with quartz using a modified polyacrylamide flocculant

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

5-Dodecylsalicylaldoxime as a Novel Collector in Cassiterite Flotation: Performance and Mechanism

5-Dodecylsalicylaldoxime as a Novel Collector in Cassiterite Flotation: Performance and Mechanism

Adsorption mechanism of the simulated red mud from diaspore with high levels of silicon and iron

A review of cassiterite beneficiation fundamentals and plant practices

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