Selective hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil derived products: ketones to olefins

Abstract

A catalytic system designed for mild hydrodeoxygenation of ketones to olefins was investigated. Hydrogenation of ketones to alcohols was accomplished over metal catalysts and the alcohol produced was then dehydrated over acidic catalysts.

Converting Alkali Lignin to Biofuels over NiO/HZSM‐5 Catalysts Using a Two‐Stage Reactor

“…This reduction might be due to the higher activity of the NiO/HZSM‐5 catalysts, which converted the phenols (coke precursors) into hydrocarbons or gaseous products . Another reason might be the excellent catalytic stability of the NiO/HZSM‐5 catalysts . Developing a stable and long‐life catalyst for upgrading bio‐oil from lignin pyrolysis is an important task.…”

Valorization of Biomass‐derived Small Oxygenates: Kinetics, Mechanisms and Site Requirements of H2‐involved Hydrogenation and Deoxygenation Pathways over Heterogeneous Catalysts

“…A prototypical bifunctional system, metal/zeolite-type catalysts, have been widely applied in sequential HDO of biomassderived small oxygenates to hydrocarbons (alkanes or alkenes). [159] Not only metal clusters but also carbides have been introduced into the pores and cages of zeolites to enable bifunctional HDO of small oxygenates and phenolics. [160] A recent theoretical work by Vlachos and coworkers elucidated the hydrogenation of acetone to 2-propanol followed by the dehydration to propene on the metal and acid sites of an encaged Ni 4 /H-ZSM-5 bifunctional catalyst; their results supported the alkoxy mechanism as being responsible for vaporphase hydrogenation of acetone.…”

“…A prototypical bifunctional system, metal/zeolite‐type catalysts, have been widely applied in sequential HDO of biomass‐derived small oxygenates to hydrocarbons (alkanes or alkenes) . Not only metal clusters but also carbides have been introduced into the pores and cages of zeolites to enable bifunctional HDO of small oxygenates and phenolics .…”

“…While metal‐acid bifunctional formulations often confer greater activities and, therefore, substantially reduce the process severity for the sequential HDO of small oxygenates compared to monofunctional, metal‐catalyzed routes, a strict experimental comparison of activities, kinetics and mechanism of HDO of oxygenates on monofunctional and bifunctional catalysts is hardly available if any. At variance with the metal/zeolite system discussed in Section 2.4, there are bifunctional materials in which two catalytic components, e. g., M 1 (metallic)‐ M 2 (oxide or oxophilic metal component), act concertedly on the oxygenates to open synergistic catalytic pathways.…”

Carbon-Supported Raney Nickel Catalyst for Acetone Hydrogenation with High Selectivity

“…However, powdered Raney nickel cannot be applied in a fix-bed reactor, and is mainly employed in slurry phase reactors for batch productions. Besides Raney nickel, traditional metal/oxide catalysts are also used in acetone hydrogenation, including Ni/Al 2 O 3 [9], Ni/CeO 2 [10], Ni/SiO 2 [11], and Pt/Fe 3 O 4 [12]. Nevertheless, these tradition metal/oxide catalysts always exhibit acidity due to the intrinsic characteristics of supports.…”