“…Striatal long-term potentiation (LTP) is a long-lasting increase in synaptic efficacy that requires activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors (Calabresi et al, 1992b;Partridge et al, 2000;Spencer and Murphy, 2000) and D1 dopamine receptors (Kerr and Wickens, 2001;Reynolds et al, 2001). Striatal long-term depression (LTD), however, is a long-lasting decrease in synaptic strength and depends on a number of converging factors including activation of D2 dopamine receptors (Calabresi et al, 1992a(Calabresi et al, , 1997Choi and Lovinger, 1997) and type I metabotropic glutamate receptors (Gubellini et al, 2001;Sung et al, 2001), increases in postsynaptic intracellular calcium involving activation of L-type calcium channels (Calabresi et al, 1992a(Calabresi et al, , 1994Choi and Lovinger, 1997), and postsynaptic endocannabinoid release leading to activation of CB1 cannabinoid receptors (Gerdeman et al, 2002), but not NMDA receptors (Lovinger et al, 1993). Both forms of plasticity are induced by high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of striatal afferents, but expression of LTP versus LTD varies as a function of postnatal age of the animals.…”