Selective localization of ?-enolase in stromal cells of cerebellar hemangioblastomas

Feldenzer, John A.; McKeever, Paul E.

doi:10.1007/bf00691102

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The general histological features of the tumors were similar to those reported in previous studies 3–20 . However, thrombosis, lacunar state/infarct, gliosis and anomalous vessels suggestive of medullary venous malformation or dural arteriovenous malformation were noted in 18 (mean age 58.6 years), six (mean age 54.3 years), eight (mean age 34.7 years), and six Hmbl lesions (mean age 35.3 years), (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Using electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry, many candidate cells have been proposed including angiogenic mesenchymal cells, 3–7 undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, 8 heterogeneous components including lipidized astrocytes, 9,10 neuroendocrine cells, 11 non‐glial cells other than macrophages, 12 fibrohistiocytic 13 or meningeal cells 14 . However, in other studies, the origin of the SC was more uncertain 15–18 . Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has been used as a specific marker for astrocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemangioblastomas: Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the stromal cells

et al. 1999

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An immunohistochemical study of 36 hemangioblastomas (Hmbl) from 32 patients was performed to clarify the cytogenesis of stromal cells (SC). In 19 of 29 Hmbl, SC revealed glial fibrillary acidic protein‐immunolabeling with an antigen retrieval by trypsinization, and were also positive for S‐100 protein, αB crystallin, neuron‐specific enolase and vimentin. Ultrastructurally, SC contained lipid droplets, unevenly distributed intermediate filaments with occasional myelin figures, primitive desmosomal junctions and, although rare, Rosenthal fibers or a cilium. It is concluded that SC associated with Hmbl exhibit markers consistent with an astrocytic origin.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemangioblastomas: Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the stromal cells

et al. 1999

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“…Interestingly, some of the induced genes have been reported to be upregulated via HIF-1 or hypoxia in various types of human tumors (eg, enolase-2 [ENO2], NDRG-1, musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog f [MAFF], nuclear factor IL-3 regulated [NFIL3], cyclin G2 [CCNG2], p21-activated kinase-2 [PAK2], and the hypothetical protein FLJ20500 27,30,32 ). The gene expression pattern in Bartonella-infected cells thus shows striking similarities with that in other angiogenesis models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 -30 IL-8, which is apparently the only NF-Bregulated gene in our B henselae infection model of HeLa cells, is also known to be a strong vasculoproliferative agent. 31 We hypothesize that the induced growth factors and cytokines secreted by the infected host cells contribute to an angiogenic cocktail responsible for endothelial proliferation in BA or BP, whereas the induction of HIF-regulated glycolytic genes may be linked to the metabolic demands of the B henselae-infected host cells (Figure 8).Interestingly, some of the induced genes have been reported to be upregulated via HIF-1 or hypoxia in various types of human tumors (eg, enolase-2 [ENO2], NDRG-1, musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog f [MAFF], nuclear factor IL-3 regulated [NFIL3], cyclin G2 [CCNG2], p21-activated kinase-2 [PAK2], and the hypothetical protein FLJ20500 27,30,32 ). The gene expression pattern in Bartonella-infected cells thus shows striking similarities with that in other angiogenesis models.…”

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confidence: 99%

Activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 in Bacillary Angiomatosis

et al. 2005

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Background-Bartonella species are the only known bacterial pathogens causing vasculoproliferative disorders in humans (bacillary angiomatosis [BA]). Cellular and bacterial pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the induction of BA are largely unknown. Methods and Results-Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), the key transcription factor involved in angiogenesis, was detected in Bartonella henselae-infected host cells in vitro by immunofluorescence, Western blotting, electrophoretic mobility shift, and reporter gene assays and by immunohistochemistry in BA tissue lesions in vivo. Gene microarray analysis revealed that a B henselae infection resulted in the activation of genes typical for the cellular response to hypoxia. HIF-1 was essential for B henselae-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor as shown by inhibition with the use of HIF-1-specific short-interfering RNA. Moreover, infection with B henselae resulted in increased oxygen consumption, cellular hypoxia, and decreased ATP levels in host cells. Infection with a pilus-negative variant of B henselae did not lead to cellular hypoxia or activation of HIF-1 or vascular endothelial growth factor secretion, suggesting a crucial role of this bacterial surface protein in the angiogenic reprogramming of the host cells. Key Words: angiomatosis, bacillary Ⅲ Bartonella henselae Ⅲ angiogenesis Ⅲ HIF-1 protein Ⅲ hypoxia A ngiogenesis is a multistep process resulting in the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vasculature. Newly formed vessels supply oxygen and nutrients to growing tumors and are necessary for tumor progression and metastasis. 1 Angiogenesis is also a component of various cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. 2 Hypoxiainducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor for the induction of angiogenic growth factors that adjust the vascular oxygen supply to tissue metabolic demands. 3,4 Of the many genes induced by HIF-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in triggering angiogenesis as the major hypoxia-inducible mitogen for endothelial cells. 5 Interestingly, human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) and several Bartonella species induce angiogenesis in humans. causes the vasculoproliferative disorder Kaposi's sarcoma, 6 which has a high frequency among immunocompromised patients, such as those infected with HIV. HHV-8 -infected cells express VEGF on HIF-1 activation, 7 and this mechanism was implicated in endothelial cell proliferation in the lesions. 8 Bartonella henselae and B quintana are the etiologic agents of bacillary angiomatosis (BA) and bacillary peliosis (BP), which are histologically characterized as lobulated proliferation of mainly capillary-sized vessels and predominantly affect HIV patients. 9 These slow-growing bacteria are facultative intracellular pathogens that, like HHV-8, also induce VEGF in host cells in vitro and in BA or BP lesions of patients. 10 Endothelial cells are one presumed habitat of Bartonella. 11 Dissecting the angioproliferative strategies used Received...

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“…22,24,25 The most prominent immunohistochemical feature of HBL stromal cells is positive staining for neuron specific enolase. 26 Epithelial membrane antigen and panepithelial antigen are helpful for differential diagnosis, as HBL does not stain for these immunohistochemical markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%